TOKUGAWA IEYASU, THE ASURA

The Tokugawa clan crest

TOKUGAWA IEYASU, THE ASURA

Sunpu. End of May 1616. The weather will be humid, and the rainy season was always going to take place this month in time to continue for two or three weeks. Not the season that I like, for some reason when I remember I tend to hate the rainy season, in which usually everyone gathered in the house, tasting rice cakes with family. This year is a good year, full of good crops from Hokkaido to Kyushu. Will the years of peace and prosperity last longer? People say I know the secrets of human nature, it is actually really I do not know. This peace will be guarded over backward, never shed tears, and became “Asura”. That is one way a man expresses kindness, I do not expect the whole country knows.

Today, a fighter, as soldiers or generals in 90 battles. I’m in pain in bed, waiting to die. Yesterday, this pain is getting worse, Masamune Date came to visit and read a piece of poetry Zen, “Rectitude carried to excess hardens into stiffness; benevolence indulged beyond measure sinks into weakness.” Refined ethics of a person who always I suspect, was a follower of Hideyoshi in the campaign of Korea, but turned against the Toyotomi family in Sekigahara Battle and the siege of Osaka, he’s with me. Perhaps I should have advised Hidetada, so as not to deprive the Tohoku Daimyo of status. However, he was one of the people in my era, the Sengoku period.

Sekigahara Battle

The man who has no loyalty does not mean anything, does it say you Hideyoshi Toyotomi? I smiled happily and remember you. The fault itself has a weak successor, Hideyori. He lost a lot of areas that you inherited was taken over by the daimyo of the Western region even before the battle of Sekigahara, then do not blame me if we meet someday in hell. Because I thoroughly beat your son, I have a duty to unite the country. I won, exceeding all of you, Takeda Shingen, Oda Nobunaga, Uesugi Kenshin, or you Toyotomi Hideyoshi. I was the one who finally succeeded in unifying Japan.

In this case, I still feel better than Mori Terumoto and Hojo Ujimasa. I made it just because I’m more patient and long-lived than you, lucky others have offspring at a time when right, and the right quality. Hidetada, nine years ago I handed him the post of a shogun. Our Clan, Tokugawa won at this age.

Hideyoshi, I know. You and I are lucky to see the action of the man. Someone that I hated at the same time submits to him, no I’m not the same as you who love her. Oda Nobunaga, our teachers. The man who first tried to unite the country with a predominance of Owari province, if only Akechi Mitsuhide betrayed and attacked while not unexpected, Honno incident. Maybe he and his descendants led the country. Nobunaga O, You are great, exactly when the title of the strongest. I admit it sincerely. Maybe you are in hell there waiting for me, despite all my admiration know you, it turns out I really hate you. When my oldest son Nobuyasu you accused of conspiring with Takeda Katsuyori to poison you, you execute Nobuyasu’s wife and forced him to commit seppuku. You have destroyed the heart of a father, I am grateful that there is karma. Your sons die horribly by intrigue Hideyoshi, I thank god Hachiman did not destroy them by my own hand.

Sengoku Period

I feel my time is near. The only person who wants me to avoid meeting in the afterlife is Sanada Yukimura. People who until the end always bother me and the Tokugawa family. Do not be surprised, not all human beings have a bad side that does not want others to see. Weak, deceitful, loser. But it is part of human beings. This life is like a long journey with a heavy burden. Where I have gone slow and steady, that when I tripped. I said to myself that imperfection and inconvenience are a lot of human nature, and there will be no room for discontent and neither despair. When ambitious desires arise in my heart, remember the days have I passed. Forbearance is the root of all quietness and assurance in my life. When I looked at the wrath of my enemies. I need only know how to conquer it. I did not win the whole battle, but I was the one who won the last battle.

I would have died, although they were alive to say I will become a Buddha. I feel better being “Asura”, in order to meet again with the guys who have died before me, all the enemies and friends in the past, because you are taught how pleasant life, and the days that I have been through this. How I miss your spirit, the spirit of those earlier times, much less owned by people of this age. Fun, who knows how much time had passed. Since we fight on this battlefield. After death there you still enjoy it, right?

I hope you all understand what I’m doing this for my family, for my house in order to remain upright. That’s why I wanted to make a strong Hidetada. I want him to be a man who believes in his faith strong, not easily influenced by others. Not defeated by anything, not outdated. As the successor to the leader of the Tokugawa Shogunate.

Finally, when a person has completed his final destination, as I was left only (wait) death.

Tokugawa Ieyasu
徳川家康

Tokugawa Ieyasu (January 31, 1543 – June 1, 1616) was the founder and first shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan, which effectively ruled Japan from the Battle of Sekigahara in 1600 until the Meiji Restoration in 1868. Ieyasu seized power in 1600, received appointment as shogun in 1603, abdicated from office in 1605, but remained in power until his death in 1616. His given name is sometimes spelled Iyeyasu, according to the historical pronunciation. Ieyasu was posthumously enshrined at Nikkō Tōshō-gū with the name Tōshō Daigongen. He was one of the three unifiers of Japan, along with his Former Lord Nobunaga and Toyotomi Hideyoshi. In 1616, Ieyasu died at age 73.

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

More stories:
  1. THANK YOU FOR REJECTING ME YESTERDAY; 9 August 2008;
  2. DEVIL FACE OF AN ANGEL; 19 November 2010;
  3. THE COURT OF SATAN; 29 November 2010;
  4. HOW TO TURN LEAD INTO GOLD; 3 April 2017;
  5. DIFFERENT NARCISSUS; 7 April 2017;
  6. YUKIMURA SANADA, THE LAST GENERAL; 10 April 2017;
  7. THE LAST WITCH; 10 April 2017;
  8. ALI AND MALENA, A LOVE STORY; 11 April 2017;
  9. BHISHMA’S DEATH; 21 April 2017;
  10. BEHIND THE SCENES MACHIAVELLI WROTE THE PRINCE; 23 April 2017;
  11. SPEECH OF THE BIRDS; 25 April 2017;
  12. THE NOBLE VEIL, ODA NOBUNAGA; 13 May 2017;
  13. LETTER TO LISA; 9 June 2017;
  14. GATE WITHOUT GATE, THE MILITARY STRATEGY OF IEYASU TOKUGAWA; 10 JUNE 2017;
  15. DUSK IN MALACCA; 4 July 2017;
Posted in Fiction, History, International, Literature, Poetry, Story | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 13 Comments

SELAMAT SOBAT

Kau selalu menjadi orang pertama mengingatkan aku ketika berpikir tidak jernih.

SELAMAT SOBAT

Kita boleh memiliki kemampuan mati berkali-kali, kemudian hidup lagi. Kita boleh memiliki segunung emas yang tak akan habis dipakai selama tujuh generasi. Atau kita bisa muda selamanya, mengalahkan usia tetap abadi. Tapi itu semua tak akan punya arti, jika kita tidak memiliki sahabat.

Bertahun-tahun lalu, ketika aku belum menjadi aku yang sekarang. Tidak terlalu lama, mungkin aku masih sedikit lebih muda, lebih tolol dan lebih banyak melakukan kesalahan. Mungkin sejarah sudah melupakan, atau sudah tidak ada lagi orang yang betul-betul mengingat. Mungkin aku pun sudah tak mampu mengingat itu semua, tapi aku selalu ingat ada seorang sahabat yang menemani saat-saat itu.

Sahabatku adalah seseorang yang sangat baik, setiap kali aku melihat matanya berbinar-binar seperti anak kecil, aku merasa ia adalah (salah satu) pria terbaik. Di dalam mata seseorang ada pancaran cahaya yang tak terlihat, itu adalah pancaran jiwa.

Aku tersenyum, mengenang kita berbagi tawa dan kekonyolan. Menertawakan hidup, tak ada momen yang lebih menyenangkan.  Mengingat masa-masa dahulu, bahwa aku dan kamu pernah sangat muda. Kita bertahan hidup dengan berlandaskan mimpi yang sama, senyum polos dua anak muda yang selalu bersama bagai cermin, saling percaya.

Kau selalu menjadi orang pertama mengingatkan aku ketika berpikir tidak jernih. Terima kasih atas segala ketulusan dan kebaikan hati. Bersama kita menghadapi suka dan duka, menelan keberhasilan dan kegagalan sekaligus. Jika hidup adalah sebuah perjalanan, pada masanya kita pernah mendaki gunung yang terjal bersama.

Orang bilang, sahabat layaknya harta. Tapi bagiku, sahabat itu adalah harta yang melebihi harta. Harta dapat diwariskan dari seorang ayah kepada anaknya, akan tetapi persahabatan tidak. Aku berharap, kelak keturunan kita dapat bersahabat seperti halnya kita.

Sobat, ketika engkau menikah. Mataku berkaca-kaca ketika memelukmu. Bahagia, seperti ketika engkau juga berbahagia ketika aku menikah. Aku bersyukur ketika Allah SWT mempertemukan kita, tanpa ikatan darah, tanpa persamaan dalam sikap dan karakter, menjadi bersaudara. Dalam persahabatan.

Selamat menikah sobat. Ayunkan langkah pertama dan mulailah berjalan, selalu ada kemungkinan untuk meraih apa yang kau inginkan.

Posted in Cerita, Kisah-Kisah, Kolom, Opini, Puisiku | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , | 2 Comments

MENGUNJUNGI RUMAH PAHLAWAN NASIONAL CUT MEUTIA

Lukisan Cut Mutia, Desa Beuringen Pirak, Kecamatan Matangkuli, Aceh Utara.

MENGUNJUNGI RUMAH PAHLAWAN NASIONAL CUT MEUTIA

Tiga pemuda buncit datang ke jalan Desa Beuringen Pirak, Kecamatan Matangkuli, Aceh Utara. Mereka  memasuki rumah pahlawan nasional Cut Meutia, srikandi Aceh yang namanya kesohor berkat perjuangannya melawan penjajah Belanda tempo dulu.

Sore itu, semilir angin menggoyang pohon pinus yang menjulang di sekitar rumah. Rumah panggung khas Aceh itu menjadi pesona utama. Di bagian depan rumah terdapat prasasti tentang wafatnya Cut Meutia pada 25 Oktober 1910 di Pucok Krueng Keureuto, Aceh Utara. Makamnya juga berada di hujung sungai Keureuto terpaut sekitar 200 kilometer dari rumah itu.

Mereka “berziarah” di rumah Cut Meutia. Di kompleks rumah adat ini, terdapat tiga tempat penyimpanan padi, dan satu lesung penumbuk padi. Selain itu, terdapat pula satu balai rapat dan monumen kegigihan perjuangan Cut Meutia yang dibangun secara permanen.

Sayangnya bagian dalam rumah utama tidak terdapat benda peninggalan Cut Meutia. Rumah itu terdiri dari dua kamar, selebihnya kosong, layaknya ruang tamu dan ruang rapat. Beberapa foto dan susunan keturunan Cut Meutia terlihat kusam di sana. Hanya satu lukisan terbaru berukuran besar di dalam rumah itu. Tidak ada guci, rencong atau senjata tradisional Aceh lainnya yang disimpan di rumah itu.

Tim Tengkuputeh Traveler di rumah Cut Meutia

Menurut mereka seharusnya pemerintah melengkapi koleksi benda bersejarah di rumah itu. Sehingga, daya tarik rumah itu semakin memikat pengunjung. Selain itu, ketangguhan Cut Meutia saat melawan Belanda harus tercermin dari benda yang disimpan di rumah itu.

“Jika tidak pengunjung tak bisa merasakan betapa hebatnya Cut Meutia memimpin pasukan melawan Belanda. Bagi kami, dia srikandi Aceh yang menjadi teladan sepanjang massa,” ujar mereka kompak.

Seorang penjaga rumah itu, Muslem menyebutkan pengelolaan rumah itu di bawah Balai Pelestarian Cagar Budaya Aceh. Juga, berada di bawah Kementerian Pariwisata.

“Saat ini memang sepi tapi biasanya pada saat lebaran pengunjung bisa ribuan.  Akhir pekan adalah puluhan pengunjung,” ujar Muslem.

Dia menyebutkan pengunjung umumnya senang berfoto di kompleks rumah itu. Pasalnya, rumah itu sangat rimbun dengan aneka pohon. Selain itu, bentuknya rumah khas Aceh mulai langka di era modern saat ini.

“Semua bangunan seperti disain dalam rumah, krong (tempat penyimpanan padi), kolam, balai dan lesung itu diadopsi dari kondisi nyata ketika Cut Meutia menempati rumah ini tempo dulu,” tutur Muslem.

Ingin melihat rumah salah satu srikandi terbaik Indonesia, maka berkunjunglah ke rumah adat Cut Meutia.

Tulisan terkait OPERASI PENYERGAPAN BELANDA TERHADAP CUT MEUTIA

Saksikan petualangan mereka di :

Simak pula reportase lainnya :

MENGUNJUNGI PAMERAN BATU NISAN ACEH SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA ISLAM DI ASIA TENGGARA

Artikel lain tentang sejarah Aceh:

  1. PEREMPUAN ACEH FULL POWER 4 AGUSTUS 2008;
  2. MENYUSURI JEJAK DARA PORTUGIS DI ACEH 6 DESEMBER 2008;
  3. TEUKU UMAR PAHLAWAN 11 FEBRUARI 2011;
  4. FILOSOFI GOB 10 OKTOBER 2011;
  5. KEBENARAN YANG SAMAR 28 FEBRUARI 2013;
  6. GAM CANTOI TIADA 30 MARET 2013;
  7. PERANG CUMBOK SEBUAH REVOLUSI SOSIAL DI ACEH (1946-1947) 18 JUNI 2013;
  8. TSUNAMI 26 DESEMBER 2015;
  9. PERADABAN TANPA TULISAN 25 FEBRUARI 2016;
  10. SURAT TENGKU CHIK DI TIRO KEPADA RESIDEN VAN LANGEN AGAR TERCAPAI PERDAMAIAN DALAM PERANG ACEH MAKA BELANDA HARUS MEMELUK AGAMA ISLAM DI TAHUN 1885 4 NOVEMBER 2016;
  11. PARA PENYEBAR KEBOHONGAN 13 NOVEMBER 2016;
  12. SAMUDERA PASAI SEBAGAI TITIK TOLAK ISLAM DI ASIA TENGGARA, SEBUAH UPAYA MELAWAN PSEUDO SEJARAH 24 APRIL 2017;
  13. EMAS, KAFIR DAN MAUT 20 APRIL 2017;
  14. MENGENAL LEBIH DEKAT POCUT BAREN 5 MEI 2017;
  15. OPERASI PENYERGAPAN BELANDA TERHADAP CUT MEUTIA 7 MEI 2017;
  16. MENGUNJUNGI PAMERAN BATU NISAN ACEH SEBAGAI WARISAN BUDAYA ISLAM DI ASIA TENGGARA 15 MEI 2017;
  17. KESULTANAN ACEH NEGARA BERDAULAT PERTAMA YANG MENGAKUI KEMERDEKAAN REPUBLIK BELANDA DARI KERAJAAN SPANYOL DI TAHUN 1602 18 MEI 2017;
  18. SYARIAT ISLAM SIAPA TAKUT 6 JUNI 2017;
  19. SENJA DI MALAKA 14 JUNI 2017;
  20. KRITIK KEPADA SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA 4 JULI 2017;
  21. HIKAYAT SUKU MANTE 5 JULI 2017;
  22. TEUKU NYAK MAKAM, PAHLAWAN ACEH TANPA KEPALA 30 JULI 2017;
  23. ASAL MUASAL BUDAYA KOPI DI ACEH 1 AGUSTUS 2017;
  24. MUSIBAH TENGGELAMNYA KMP GURITA 6 AGUSTUS 2017;
  25. PERANG ACEH, KISAH KEGAGALAN SNOUCK HURGRONJE 7 AGUSTUS 2017;
  26. ACEH DI MATA KOLONIALIS 8 AGUSTUS 2017;
  27. MELUKIS SEJARAH 10 AGUSTUS 2017;
  28. NASIHAT-NASIHAT C. SNOUCK HURGRONJE SEMASA KEPEGAWAIANNYA KEPADA PEMERINTAH HINDIA BELANDA 1889-1936 14 AGUSTUS 2017;
  29. ACEH SEPANJANG ABAD 16 AGUSTUS 2017;
  30. PERANG DI JALAN ALLAH 30 AGUSTUS 2017;
  31. ACEH DAERAH MODAL 7 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  32. 59 TAHUN ACEH MERDEKA DI BAWAH PEMERINTAHAN RATU 12 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  33. KERAJAAN ACEH PADA JAMAN SULTAN ISKANDAR MUDA (1609-1636) 13 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  34. PERISTIWA KEMERDEKAAN DI ACEH 14 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  35. PASAI DALAM PERJALANAN SEJARAH 17 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  36. MATA UANG EMAS KERAJAAN-KERAJAAN DI ACEH 19 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  37. ACEH MENDAKWA 21 SEPTEMBER 2017;
  38. MISI MENCARI MAKAM PARA SULTANAH ACEH 6 OKTOBER 2017;
  39. BERZIARAH KE MAKAM SULTANAH MALIKAH NAHRASYIYAH 8 OKTOBER 2017;
  40. EKSPLOITASI SUMBER DAYA ALAM APAKAH BAGUS UNTUK ACEH 15 OKTOBER 2017;
  41. AROMA MEMIKAT DARI DAPUR ACEH 16 OKTOBER 2017;
  42. TARIKH ACEH DAN NUSANTARA 29 OKTOBER 2017;
  43. PEKUBURAN SERDADU BELANDA PEUCUT KHERKHOF DI BANDA ACEH SEBAGAI SAKSI KEDAHSYATAN PERANG ACEH 11 NOVEMBER 2017;
  44. PEMBERONTAKAN KAUM REPUBLIK KASUS DARUL ISLAM ACEH 17 NOVEMBER 2017;
  45. TUANKU HASYIM WALI NANGGROE YANG DILUPAKAN SEJARAH 19 NOVEMBER 2017;
  46. KOPRS MARSOSE SERDADU PRIBUMI PELAYAN RATU BELANDA 8 DESEMBER 2017;
  47. HIKAYAT-HIKAYAT DARI NEGERI ACEH 16 DESEMBER 2017;
  48. LEGENDA GAJAH PUTIH SEBAGAI ASAL NAMA KABUPATEN BENER MERIAH; 12 JANUARI 2018;
  49. SECANGKIR KOPI DARI ACEH; 22 JANUARI 2018;
  50. ACEH PUNGO (ACEH GILA); 8 FEBRUARI 2018;
  51. SIAPAKAH ORANG ACEH SEBENARNYA; 6 APRIL 2018;
  52. ORANG ACEH DALAM SEJARAH SUMATERA; 15 APRIL 2018;
  53. KETIKA IBNU BATTUTA MELAWAT SAMUDERA PASAI; 16 APRIL 2018;
  54. KISAH HIDUP LAKSAMANA MALAHAYATI; 18 APRIL 2018;
  55. PERANAN LEMBAGA TUHA PEUET DALAM MASYARAKAT ACEH PADA MASA LAMPAU; 5 MEI 2018;
  56. MENYINGKAP MAKNA SYAIR KUTINDHIENG SELAKU MANTRA SIHIR ACEH KUNO; 15 MEI 2018;
  57. SEJARAH KERAJAAN LAMURI; 24 JUNI 2018;
  58. KEBIJAKAN POLITIK ISLAM OLEH SNOUCK HURGRONJE SEBAGAI SARAN KEPADA PEMERINTAH HINDIA BELANDA UNTUK MENGHANCURKAN KEKUATAN ISLAM DI INDONESIA; 25 JUNI 2018;
  59. MASA DEPAN POLITIK DUNIA MELAYU; 28 JULI 2018;
Posted in Asal Usil, Cerita, Cuplikan Sejarah, Data dan Fakta, Kisah-Kisah, Reportase | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 104 Comments

PERPETUUM MOBILE

 

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it transforms from one form to another.

PERPETUUM MOBILE

You need chaos in your soul to give birth to a dancing star (Friedrich Nietzsche)

Terjemahan Bahasa Indonesia

Energy can neither be created nor destroyed; rather, it transforms from one form to another. For instance, chemical energy can be converted to kinetic energy in the explosion of a stick of dynamite. A consequence of the law of conservation of energy is that a perpetual motion machine of the first kind cannot exist. That is to say, no system without an external energy supply can deliver an unlimited amount of energy to its surroundings, proposed by British physicist James Joule Prescott.

It has long been proven that a machine that can run itself (Perpetuum Mobile) will remain a beautiful dream.

In every movement, there is always a retarding force (eg, friction) so that the movement energy will be turned into heat. Heat cannot be returned intact into motion again.

Even in space vacuum, it is not possible Perpetuum Mobile. It can arise perpetual motion. Astronauts just have to turn the wheel once and the wheels keep turning. However, according to state energy terms, it is at rest. No extra energy and no energy is reduced, the wheel rotating at the same speed. If the wheel is rotated is stopped, then it takes the same energy when the wheel moves.

The legendary physicist, Albert Einstein called. One of the concepts of the theory of relativity, that object has a constant speed, is actually a relatively stationary object. It refers to Einstein’s famous paper with the original title Zur Elektrodynamik betwegter Kopter published in 1905.

Strange indeed, but it makes sense. For Einstein, the moving object is not the object that has the speed, but the object is accelerating.

From this logic, the condition is when an object moves to increase or decrease speed. Not the movement from one point to another, but a movement from one speed to a different speed. And keep in mind, the acceleration is not just a matter of moving the idle state to state, but also from the position of moving to a standstill.

Let us look at an example, when Filippo Inzaghi still playing, try to be true to yourself (even though you’re a fan of Milan), have you ever had the same assessment with a Johan Cruyff, on Inzaghi, the former Milan, and Italy’s national team?

“Look, the thing about [Filippo] Inzaghi is he can’t actually play football at all. He’s just always in the right position.”

Every Milan is in trouble, they get way out of Inzaghi.

“Look, the thing about [Filippo] Inzaghi is he can’t actually play football at all. He’s just always in the right position.”

With normal logic, the player with the physical qualities and techniques such as Filippo Inzaghi will not be able to become a top striker. How can it be amazed? Players who were born and raised in the city of Piacenza is not a player who can easily be admired only by a fantastic goal record. He could not pass one or two players like Ronaldo, he could not elastic like Ronaldinho, he cannot kick the ball like Beckham, has not kept the ball like Bergkamp, he had no magic like Messi. The technique is one of the worst of all the players in the world.

Inzaghi often ran not clear at the opponent’s penalty box, like pleading if it touched the opponent, especially if not given a penalty. But strangely, in some crucial situations, suddenly he scored a goal, which is often the process is so bad, he celebrated with so emotional, as like he had scored a sensational goal.

He sucks the opponent, the legendary defender of Real Madrid and Brazil, Roberto Carlos said, “every Milan are in trouble, they get way out of Inzaghi.”

In fact, Filippo Inzaghi, who incidentally mediocre players won all the titles can be achieved by a team of football players. World Cup, the European Champions League, Scudetto, Coppa Italia, European Supercup and the FIFA Club World Cup.

What’s the secret? Because Inzaghi always moving in chaos, the motion is indeterminate and as meaningless. With frequent moves, in addition to creating the space, it creates a consistent speed all at once acceleration is minimal. He was keeping time, so do not go back to zero speed. Because someone will benefit because it will be able to act more quickly than the opposite, especially when the opponent is in a stationary position.

Why Inzaghi is an example? Would not it be nice if Bale, Ronaldo, Messi, Robben made an example? They often do the same thing, but we forget they are outstanding players, that’s not their superiority. Inzaghi was a regular player, and in this case (almost) all humans are mediocre.

Moving in chaos, in the indeterminate motion. That as there is no professional advantage though, actually, if thought out carefully is preparing to get a chance. And when he comes, we are at the highest speed and coupled with luck will result in success.

As we know the formula for success is preparation and luck. From that discussion, the fair would be, if we often hear how coaches around the world almost always ask the players to move dynamically.

Not only is the football coach, the philosophers also recommend so. Prophet said Seek knowledge from cradle to grave. Learning from whatever is the process of moving, maintaining the quality of human life.

Football, life, love too, has the same philosophy. One time my wife asked, get maintain our love become immortal. I said no! The wife was silent, sullen uncertain. I am a lover of football, know that the defensive (maintain) is tiring, exhausting in silence.

I prefer to attack! Within the meaning of the word, love must be nurtured and watered with compassion so that he will always grow over time. Households may be having problems of its own, even the most attacking team will face the situation even survive.

However, the philosophy is to attack, grow, grow. It would be easier to make us achieve timeless style, enduring movement (Perpetuum mobile) in life. Yes, life is a true test of a barrage and relentless, it is only going to stop when we die. Thus, evolved, move to face it. Perhaps this is a very easy to say but difficult to implement, but believe me, this world nothing is wasted. Energy is eternal.

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

 

Posted in International, Opinion, Reportase, Story | Tagged , , , , , , | 6 Comments

CIVILIZATION WITHOUT WRITING

We are all slaves of history. He is a river that can not be disturbed, by anyone. We also can not swim against the strength. In fact, we will sink into the stream.

CIVILIZATION WITHOUT WRITING

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

Thousands of years ago various groups of hunters and gatherers wandered across Asia and Europe while following a herd of mammoths that eat weeds, gradually, the ice begins to melt, grass growth patterns changed, flocks move north and become reduced. Following some hunters, others, due to a shortage of meat that is the core of their staple food, harvest the weeds and at a certain moment begin to grow their own some kind of grass, perhaps.

Although the world history books usually begin with pre-historic times, what is the pre-history? Is it just a future where humans have not yet found writing alone? Another specialist, anthropologists, for example, have much better equipment to delve further gloom the past so it can be speculated about human behavior, about the patterns persist, about motivation as a period without differentiation. But of course, it’s hard to find the lives of certain people who gives flesh and life to these abstract questions of human behavior.

Occupation Professor, author, spy, colonial advisor.

Humans eventually found the writing, but the oral tradition is still alive for centuries to come. For example, Snouck Hurgronye in his book, The Achehnese, volume 2 in chapter literature mentions With Aceh literature we mean all of which have been composed in the Acehnese language. I accidentally said “fabricated” and not “written”, because the specific differentiation between what is preserved and what is not enshrined in written form, can not be applied consistently to the works of authors Aceh both in the past and present. ”

Oral tale popular in Indonesia is “Kancil” a figure that shows the docking with the “Eulenspiegel” from Germany. “Juha” from Switzerland and “Nasruddin Hoja” from Turkey. This is a common thread that connects via oral tradition.

Battle of Samalanga (1878)

Sultanate of Aceh, the last independent sultanate in the archipelago. Defeat in the war against the Dutch. As a sign of modern times, when the oral tradition conquered by writing. Aceh War (1873-1974) is the end of civilization without written in Indonesian.

General van Heutz and staff in battle of Batee Iliek

Writing has won, Van Heutsz conquered the fortress Batèë Iliëk who never fell for 30 years Aceh War with coping strategies, as written by Homer, the epic Trojan War, insert Abu Pang into jars, warlords Indies Dutch invaded the strongest fortress of the Sultanate of Aceh Darussalam. Aceh forces, led by Said Muhammad, were finally defeated in a back way.

In 1901 the castle Batèë Iliëk fell, the distance is not so much with modern history because only 4 years later Einstein discovered the theory of relativity. I imagine, if the fort Batèë Iliëk persisted until World War I began in 1914 then history would have been different, dear history did not begin with the word, if only.

The capture of Fort Kuto Reh on 14 June 1904, caused several hundred casualties to indigenous people

1904, Van Dalen conquered Gayo Highland, passing a bloody expedition. He borrowed the brutal strategy of Julius Ceasar. Facing tribal confederation in Gayo as the last independent force in the Sultanate of Aceh, he was imitating Julius’s alliance against Gallic tribes led by Vercingetorix. Gayo Highland falls and officially declares the Dutch East Indies Aceh war officially ended.

We have lived, in the article is not so powerful. Before the millennium begins when the digital era is still shy to appear, we still feel how strong our feelings were, as an example when I did not find a compatriot in the afternoon, then I would suspect they certainly were bathing in the river, and when followed there, almost always I find them there. Now the era of telecommunications, the range of games is getting away but before leaving the house I had to make sure via SMS, or other messaging devices where they are located.

With a history of written, printed books, science is getting easier to obtain. Do not forget the Dutch conquered us with documents that are accurate, and verified as authentic. But what happens if this time we get the pollution is writing? This era is the era of social media, all the information is scattered everywhere, and everyone can become the mouthpiece of the news. Inevitably hoaxes were scattered, we chew and consider it the truth.

The master shared scattered, sometimes sorry they were friends, teachers, influential people and we consider smarter than us, and sadly they unknowingly become agents of portals hoax. The portal benefit in terms of advertising, being our friends are slumped on the reputation of “brain rust”

Reading is good, as we want to know our desire against any science would certainly be useful. Supposing food, eat it either. But what happens when we put rubbish in our stomachs? So what difference us with pigs? Who eats their own dung?

Einstein once said. “Humans are just a lot of reading and using only his brain is so little going to be lazy”. Why? We just read it and do not weigh it first then we will be stuck on a story that touches the heart so that each reader will be touched and do not miss to pass. One pattern hoax takes advantage of the human heart is very sensitive to the reason would be left for a moment. In fact, the “heart” and “reasonable” must go hand in hand, is very naive if they are allowed to walk on their own without an escort.

The human brain at first was an empty house, they are filled with furnishings that fit their needs. The Moron takes all the information he encountered so that the knowledge which might be useful to him is wedged in the midst of or mixed with other things. Sage on the contrary, carefully chose what was put into the house. He did not enter anything except equipment that will help him in doing the job because what is required is enough a lot. Everything was arranged neatly in a home brain so that when necessary, he can easily find it.

Mistaken if we think that our brain houses have walls that are enlarged, especially after a period of growth ended. Order house/brain just would much alone, then for every knowledge that has been entered, there are known and some are forgotten. Therefore, it is actually important to not let the fact that is not useful get rid of useless facts.

I do not want to save the world from pollution writing, it’s simple, I just want to clear my Facebook wall of dirt hoax by conveying it, or as much as possible aware of the closest friends as master shared, nothing more. Please stop it!

Civilization without writing? Impossible. We are all slaves of history. He is a river that can not be disturbed, by anyone. We also can not swim against the strength. In fact, we will sink into the stream. As this message will not be delivered if it is not in writing, but as much as possible begin to reach out with simple things, like telling a tale/fable for our children orally, it is more meaningful than buying a book of fairy tales, true knowledge will not be able to defeat experience, which we share through simple dialogue. A real conversation.

Civilization Without Writing Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

About Aceh:

  1. CUMBOK WAR, A SOCIAL REVOLUTION IN ACEH (1946-1947); 8 April 2017;
  2. CIVILIZATION WITHOUT WRITING; 13 April 2017;
  3. ACEH THE FIRST SOVEREIGN COUNTRY TO RECOGNIZING THE INDEPENDENCE OF THE NETHERLANDS; 27 April 2017;
  4. VISITING THE EXHIBITION ACEH TOMBSTONE AS AN ISLAMIC CULTURAL HERITAGE IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA; 16 May 2017;
  5. DUTCH RAID OPERATION AGAINST CUT MEUTIA (1910); 20 May 2017;
  6. SAMUDERA PASAI AS THE FIRST ISLAMIC KINGDOM IN SOUTHEAST ASIA; 6 June 2017;
  7. ISLAMIC SHARIAH WHO IS AFRAID, A CASE STUDY IN ACEH; 13 June 2017;
  8. ACEH WOMEN FULL POWER; 13 June 2017;
  9. DUSK IN MALACCA; 4 July 2017;
  10. GOLD, INFIDELS, AND DEATH; 10 July 2017;
  11. MANTE THE LOST PYGMY TRIBE; 13 July 2017;
  12. HOW TO TELL HISTORY; 14 August 2017;
  13. THE ORIGIN OF THE COFFEE CULTURE IN ACEH; 19 August 2017;
  14. THE UNTOLD STORY ABOUT HISTORY OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF INDONESIA IN ACEH PROVINCE; 28 September 2017;
  15. WHEN CRITICISM IS FORBIDDEN; 14 October 2017;
  16. EXPLOITATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES, WHAT IS IT GOOD FOR ACEH; 5 November 2017;
  17. PEUCUT KHERKOFF, ACEH-DUTCH WAR MONUMENT; 12 November 2017;
  18. THE PRICE OF FREEDOM; 5 December 2017;
  19. ACEH CRAZY OR ACEH PUNGO; 25 February 2018;
  20. WHEN ACEH ASKED TO BECOME A VASSAL OF THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE; 9 April 2022;
Posted in History, International, Opinion, Reportase, Review, Story | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 35 Comments

KEPADA CINTA YANG BERUMUR SEMINGGU

Masih dengan pakaian sama dengan tahun lalu ketika ia masih gadis, namun hari ini pakaian itu sudah lusuh dimana setiap jalinan benang terlihat rapuh.

KEPADA CINTA YANG BERUMUR SEMINGGU

Masih dengan pakaian sama dengan tahun lalu ketika ia masih gadis, namun hari ini pakaian itu sudah lusuh dimana setiap jalinan benang terlihat rapuh. Kerudung sama pula ia kenakan membangkitkan kenangan tentang gairah lama ketika kami masih dimabuk asmara. Saat ini, sungguhpun ketika debu sebegitu mudah hinggap ia masih terlihat sangat cantik. Tapi mau apa dia kemari? Bukankah sudah kukatakan bahwa tak sudi melihat wajahnya lagi, berani sekali dia! Belum pernah ada orang yang sudah kumaklumatkan sebagai musuh punya keberanian untuk menemuiku lagi, dan sekali lagi sebuah teori runtuh olehnya. Disini ditempat aku tak bisa menghindari, di kantor dimana aku harus melayani secara professional. Tidak bisa tidak, betapa ia begitu cermat memperhitungkan sisi terlemah dari benteng yang kubangun dari puing-puing penaklukan.

“Aku butuh bantuan.” Lurus memandang aku menatap tajam ke wajah yang semakin tirus itu.

“Tulislah permintaanmu dikertas ini.” Aku menyodorkan selembar HVS kosong.

Ia tersenyum senang, “nanti malam aku serahkan, temui aku pukul delapan ditempat biasa dulu kita bertemu.” Disaat terdesak ia masih bisa mendikte, benar-benar mengerikan. Kepercayaan diri yang luar biasa, patut diberi tabik, meski sebenarnya aku sudah belajar untuk sangat membencinya.

Tapi sosokku sudah berubah, sudah menjadi insan pembelajar. Dulu Selicik apapun kamu, sejahat apapun kamu. Sampai kapanpun aku akan setia. “Sekarang, jika tidak maka tak akan lagi selamanya!”

Wajah itu memerah, “Baiklah” ia mengalah dan menuliskan sesuatu. “Ini nomorku.” Sambungnya seraya menyerahkannya ke tanganku.

Aku menggeleng membaca tulisan itu. Memberi Tipe-Ex, “Hapuslah itu, tulislah sebuah alamat. Permintaanmu akan kukirim via pos.” Aku menarik nafas panjang.

“Aku mengalah hari ini karena membutuhkan bantuanmu.” Ia menggerutu. Siapa dia? Bahkan disaat seperti inipun mampu mengancamku. Dia bangkit, “Terima kasih, disaat semua orang menutup mata akan masalahku, aku tahu kamu akan membantuku.” Dia mengetahui kelemahan terdalam dari diriku, dibalut amarah tertahan.

“Kamu pikir bantuan ini gratis!” Wajahnya terkejut tapi tersirat aura bahagia disitu, dia ingin kisah ini berlanjut. Tidak, tidak akan kuberikan kesempatan. “Kali lain jika membutuhkan bantuan, jangan pernah datang lagi memohon bantuanku. Cukup ini yang terakhir, sungguh tak sudi aku melihatmu lagi.” Mendung seketika diwajahnya, satu-satunya kemenangan seumur hidup yang pernah kuraih darinya.

“Maaf, aku tidak tahu. Sungguh tidak tahu telah sangat menyakiti hatimu.” Ia akhirnya pergi, timbul sedikit rasa iba dihatiku namun sekejap pula pada kenanganku terlintas memori dimana aku terkejut akan kelicikannya, terdiam bagaimana dengan licinnya akal seorang perempuan mampu mengalahkan logika lelaki terpintar sekalipun, dengan sebuah sandiwara hebat melebihi racikan sutradara manapun.

Bagaimanapun aku harus menolongnya karena aku tidak pernah membencinya, hidup ini telah pernah mengantarkanku pada banyak penolakan dan penolakan. Hanya dia yang menerimaku bahkan hingga saat ini, meski hanya seminggu, meski akhirnya ia berkhianat. Hanya dialah satu-satunya yang pernah menjadi kekasihku. Aku masih mengingat Hari itu takdir mempertemukan kami, ia memungutku yang tak punya cinta, seperti keajaiban ia memilihku. Dialah yang membentuk karakterku sekarang yang menjadi manusia waspada akan segala senyum wanita, yang membuatku curiga akan tangis perempuan. Seperti pandai besi ialah yang menempa hatiku menjadi baja. Maka untuk itulah aku harus menolongnya, sebagai bakti murid pada guru. Untuk sebuah cinta yang berumur seminggu, dimana pada masa lalu aku berhutang pada waktu. Tapi untuk itu aku harus mengenakan topeng, untuk melindungi wajahku dari debu. Untuk menyembunyikan air mataku karena tak sepantasnya seorang laki-laki menunjukkan kelemahannya, apalagi jika sampai dua kali sehingga tak mampu menjaga harga dirinya.

Malam ini ketika aku memenuhi permintaannya, membungkus keinginannya untuk diposkan besok. Kutempelkan kertas tadi tanpa membaca lagi. Biarlah tulisan itu tak pernah hinggap di memori otakku. Kehadirannya mengembalikan kenangan masa lalu, menyadarkan kalau sendirian sangat sepi. Dan dulu aku ingin memiliki keluarga bersamanya. Sudahlah masa lalu adalah masa lalu, ia sudah berlalu. Orang yang berkewajiban mengembalikan senyum diwajahnya bukan aku. Ia telah memilih dan seharusnya bertanggungjawab akan keputusannya itu dulu. Aku pasti akan menjadi lebih kuat, lalu menemukan orang yang dicintai, untuk kelak hidup bahagia.

Berjuang demi cinta untuk kemudian dikhianati adalah lebih baik, daripada kelak menyesal karena tidak berusaha dengan sepenuh hati, daripada tidak melakukan apa-apa. Bahkan kematian lebih baik daripada sebuah penyesalan.

Lhokseumawe, 4 April 2009

Katalog Cerita Pendek:

  1. Sebentuk Harta; 10 Agustus 2008;
  2. Elegi Pagi Hari, Sebuah Cerpen; 13 Agustus 2008;
  3. Keindahan Sang Rembulan; 5 September 2008;
  4. Ketidakagungan Cinta; 10 Oktober 2008;
  5. Tempat Tiada Kembali; 13 Oktober 2008;
  6. Pada Pandangan Pertama; 18 Oktober 2008;
  7. Aku Tak Mengerti Kamu; 24 Oktober 2008;
  8. Mengenang Sebuah Perjalanan Cinta; 3 November 2008;
  9. Selamanya; 14 Desember 2008;
  10. Ode Seorang Bujang; 17 Desember 2008;
  11. Sepucuk Surat Untuk Lisa; 1 Januari 2009;
  12. Wasiat Teruntuk Adinda Malin Kundang; 4 Februari 2009;
  13. Tidak Sedang Mencari Cinta; 23 Februari 2009;
  14. Hanyalah Lelaki Biasa; 6 April 2009;
  15. Wasiat Hang Tuah; 29 Mei 2009;
  16. Ode Seekor Elang; 8 Juni 2009;
  17. Tak Ada Apa Apa; 7 Oktober 2009;
  18. The Last Gentleman; 4 Desember 2009;
  19. Renungan Majnun Seorang Penarik Cukai; 31 Mei 2010
  20. Yang Tak Akan Kembali; 10 Juni 2010;
  21. Kisah Sebelum Sang Pengeran Selesai; 5 Juli 2010;
  22. Penyihir Terakhir; 15 Maret 2011;
  23. Santiago Sang Pelaut; 23 Maret 2012;
  24. Iblis Namec Vs Manusia Saiya; 6 April 2012;
  25. Ashura; 13 Februari 2013;
  26. Selamat Tinggal Andalusia; 10 Maret 2013;
  27. Narsis Yang Berbeda; 28 April 2013;
  28. Istana Kosong; 4 Juni 2013;
  29. Bangsawan Pandir; 10 Juni 2013;
  30. Kematian Bhisma; 15 Juni 2013;
  31. Badai Sejarah; 29 Juli 2013;
  32. Cerita Cinta; 7 Agustus 2013;
  33. Perjalanan; 29 November 2013;
  34. Jaring Kamalanga; 29 Desember 2013;
  35. Lelaki Sungai; 19 Januari 2014;
  36. Dragon Dialog; 13 November 2014;
  37. Persahabatan Kambing Dan Serigala; 19 Desember 2014;
  38. Pesan Kepada Penguasa; 17 Januari 2015;
  39. Bagaimana Mengubah Timah Hitam Menjadi Emas; 11 April 2015;
  40. Setelah Revolusi Selesai; 6 Oktober 2016;
  41. Harlequin Dan Pohon Harapan; 30 Oktober 2016;
  42. Permufakatan Para Burung; 5 Januari 2017;
  43. Senja Di Malaka; 14 Juni 2017;
  44. Mengecoh Sang Raja; 17 Oktober 2017;
  45. Wawancara Dengan Sang Iblis; 1 Januari 2018;
  46. Legenda Gajah Putih; 12 Januari 2018;
  47. Genderang Pulang Sang Rajawali; 22 Februari 2018;
  48. Genderang Pulang Sang Rajawali; 22 Februari 2018;
  49. Kisah Menteri Jaringan Melawan Kapitalisme Amerika; 17 Desember 2018;
  50. Legenda Naga Sabang; 29 Mei 2020;
Posted in Cerita, Kisah-Kisah, Puisiku | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 53 Comments

ALI AND MALENA, A LOVE STORY

Ali and Malena, a love story, with background Azerbayzan during the Russian empire, the independence and the Soviet invasion. 1911-1920

ALI AND MALENA, A LOVE STORY

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

The innocence that characterizes true love can never be repeated. When it disappeared, it was gone forever. In the beginning; when the sweet and bitter blend; no haste muddying the waters; humans are nameless, character, and, without a future.

X

1911

I weep for my inability in arithmetic. Damn states, so the difficulty of this Math. Destiny has brought me, the son of Azeri pride was in school, the school of our invaders. Since the Treaty of Gulistan, Russia takes Azerbaijan of Persia and incorporate it into the Russian empire. Fate also beats reality in family history. Usually, an Azeri son only learned from an Hoja (traditional teacher). I must admit that I’m smart enough. Fluent in Arabic, Farsi, a little Turkish, and science whiz in Fiqh, Mantiq, and Hadith. Something that can not be proud of here, in the school entirely Russian. Lost all my pride.

I had haltingly spelled Cyliric (Russian alphabet), this is all because of Hoja. He duly blamed entirely, a calm and quiet she had burst into rage and despair when I whispered teachings Hoja, “Mother. Hoja said to me. Women in Islam are second-class beings. “

Then, the bitterly lamenting mother then hugged. On the day that he forced my father to send me to school soon. This stance is in fact not the nature of my mother, because she thinks the Russians are occupiers. My father can only surrender, at least she has shown to me in that day, that the words that I told Hoja back to her, were nothing more than nonsense, totally unfounded. After successfully putting me in school, she smiled with satisfaction.

“Educating children to become civilized, intelligent for the sake of Mother Russia.” It is the school motto. Here we have to dress like Westerners. No taboos, no sacred here. Teachers are often cynical to children Azeri, Armenian even though. They often insinuated that we breed so much so that it will very difficult to feed the family. How school “civilized” is actually racist, or “barbaric.” I prefer the lessons from Hoja, although some of his teachings are crazy. At least, he was more honest.

“The school does not accept students who have been married.” On average, we Azeris married at the age of 14-16 years. More quickly than in Russia or Armenia, I can only smile and nod when Hasan before the teacher entered had to bribe him with candy bars to not call dad at school. Hasan liked school, he did not get kicked out. Although he did not have good learning abilities. He does not grade three times and is followed by his son Haydar, who goes to school. Fortunately, our body is equipped with a sleek and small. Although longer-lived as they entered school than others. We, the son of Azeri can be deceiving teachers who do not know how old we are. During the night, in the recitals Hoja, I told friends. They laughed and said, “Russians have a big body, but a little brain.” At least it is satisfaction, mock teachers who humiliate us (Azeri) in the afternoon.

“The school is open to all sons and daughters of Imperial Russia.” Actually, no! The school is open to all races in Russia, but not all Armenians. Moreover, the Azeris, like me. Only those who came from a prominent family received and not all are also enrolled in school. Some prefer a madrassa run by Hoja. However, something that has been running for hundreds of years is more evident than something new, thank Godfather owns land used by the Russian oil fields so that I could go to school. Silent and slowly I started to like school because schools are combining between boys and girls. Indeed there are no Azeri women who go to school, but there are daughters of Russia and Armenia. Although they are arrogant, at least there was a refreshing sight here.

This year, with great difficulty, I grade. At least, I have pride. The first Azeri, who went up a class in the first year!

X

Summer 1912

Alena Shevchenko. Ganja Secondary School Principal cleared his throat, and the classroom became silent. These people have the opinion that wearing religious attributes violate school policy, which requires students to attend classes in secular clothing. Anyone who is caught will not be permitted to enter again unless removed, these policies generally accepted the fact. The white students were not allowed to wear a cross necklace but of course, our main target (Azeri), which often brings kupiah, beads. The blood of the Azeri is always hot and secretly revolts if it has a chance.

“The only way to save civilization is through progress and order,” said Alena around the classroom, I hid the cap in the clothes. While Hasan inserts the beads in the bag. He was right in front of me, my ass cowering in fear. She looked into my eyes, this Russian grandmother so scary that, I looked down.

“Ali Murtaza! What is it inside your shirt.”If you do not remember your ancestors were the formidable desert wanderer then I’ll pee in my pants and heard the sound of the thunder tub. He pulled my shirt and discovered forced my cap to hide.

She looked at me and smiled. “You think you are a devout Muslim in Turkey or Iran by wearing this!”

Streaks anxious stuck to my forehead. I want to say yes, but I’m afraid.

“You are wrong to think like that. Azerbaijan is still part of the Russian empire even if the Ural mountains have been uprooted. Well, Ali is on your mind! You should be dealt with. Now Sufi pack your stuff!”

I did not answer. My eyes filled with tears, I was expelled from school on the first day of the second year, I thought. At the time I was starting to like this crap.

“From today onwards, you’re sitting next to Malena.” Doomsday nevertheless occurs. But sitting next to Malena, the Armenians? Armenians are ethnically not liked by us (Azeri) or Russian though. They are a nation of old and crafty. they rarely bathe so that their bodies stink. that’s a rumor, we (Azeris) even avoid having to be near them. in addition, our nation Azeri unaccustomed adjacent to the woman is not mahram. Occupied, is certainly not a reason to forget the Islamic Law. I want to refute this Alena Shevchenko, but certainly, soon he will accuse holds the view stodgy. I’m still searching for a reason.

“Ali fast! Or you will I return to your parents!

I was outnumbered and under pressure.

X

Still in 1912

Melena

Rumors which stated the Armenian-smelling carcass is totally wrong! So much hurt, so who passes it up to recitals Hoja should be cursed. Is the fragrance this? My nose feels foreign, floral fragrance mixed completely I do not remember it, felt familiar and strange at the same. A little sweat like a spur tremendous warhead. The fragrance of the heart thrilling moment, cells in the brain were spinning. Aha, this is the reason why disseminated rumors that they smelled of carrion because we (Azeris) are too weak will perfume them. Strongly according to the Sunnah! Advise women to wear colored perfume but not stink. A woman’s perfume.

That night I told Hoja, after the recitation of Al-Quran. I was surprised to see he chuckles, “Be careful with the horse, Ibnu Usman. Before you know it, all of a sudden you have to ride and she will gallop across the desert with you strapped to her back.”

How wrong Hoja, and how just a little he knew about the outside world. The sour expression on my face signifies distrust. I noticed Hoja see changes in my face and nodded with a smile of sympathetic understanding. As I walked toward the gates of the madrasah, I think I hear a whisper Hoja, in my ear, “Beware, beware Ali.” But it’s only a mere daydream.

X

The new year 1913

Ali and Malena, we sat on a bench next to each other and chatted. It felt as if we were a pair of close friends who trust each other. Finally, I know, not entirely Armenia Malena, her father is Georgian, Armenian mother. Died shortly after she was born. She and her mother were picked up by the uncle of Armenia and was educated here. During this time she could deal with the problem alone, and sew their own clothes. As an orphan, he did not give himself the mysterious fate of the (possible) cruel. Somehow in her eyes, I saw sadness but not unhappiness. Armenian pupils more hate us (Azeri) than we do not like them. Malena shunned me because sitting next to me, I feel fortunate to be born an Azeri, despite a sharp mouth but we have our own affairs, I still get along with fellow Azeri without being considered unclean.

Hoja even the toughest just said, “Georgia? I hear that the famous Mamluk Sultan Baybars is a descendant of Georgia. He defeated the Mongols in the decisive battle at Ain Jalut several centuries ago. Good that.” Hoja continues the story on Islamic dynasties shining in the past, I just respectfully, I felt Hoja also learn from my story, as I learned from him.

Back in Malena, he loves playing with dolls. He knit his own dolls and sometimes took him to school. I think what’s this? Hoja stories that Rasulullah Muhammad smiled at his wife Ayesha playing piggyback. But, never mind even sometimes I help hide if Alena Shevchenko raided. Silly, she named her doll, “Sonja.” And true Azeri men never (want) to interfere with women, until.

“Papa, papa! Sonja was sick!” Malena, she pinches my arm, chuckling then leaned close to me. I just quite damn shook my chest.

“Let papa see, oh maybe Sonja too long in the bag so she was sick.” I got carried away but was still able to be realistic.

“Papa has promised not to be mentioned that this is a doll, Sonja. For us, she is a living creature!” Malena put a face to sulk.

What is this, when does the deal happen? Rather than argue my mouth said, “Well, Papa was wrong.”

“Thank you, papa Sonja.” He laughed aloud at his own words, and somehow I nodded in agreement. Life is divided into four phases: step; sustenance; meeting and; death. In this case, love is a meeting, there is no love without a meeting. At this point, I was reunited with accidental destiny, “Sonja” is the name of a wholly European, non-Arab nor Persian. Will the fate of my future offspring?

X

Early 1917

Love is silliness, makes you do things you should not do.

Hoja was stunned by my question, “Can a Muslim man marry a Christians?” Flashed in my head, men like Hoja Nasruddin will not let it happen. People see a man with high integrity, and unfortunately, in this world, only a few people like him. He has been advising me almost throughout my life. That is why he means to me, even though I was closer to him than my parents, he is where I tell intimate secrets in my life, that I will not share with others.

“Is there no other Muslim women who attract thee, O ibn Uthman? So the choice fell on the Georgia woman?” Hoja’s face looked very sad when I shook my head.

“Legally Fiqh is permitted as long as the Daulat Islamiyah,” he paused. I tried to think what the next words out of his mouth, but he continued. “If it’s your wish then we will make it.”

“What if my parents do not approve?”

“Let Hoja Nasruddin be explained to them.”

“What if the family Malena refuses?”

Smile joy, back in the face of Hoja, he chuckles. “Ali you are the son of Azeri, our mighty nation. We’re going to kidnap him from his family if they are against it will get rid of them forever. Whatever will I do for the wishes! You can trust to keep any secrets, closer than you save. We are friends friend. we will be there with or follow you like hounds.” Sometimes I feel Hoja is not a good religious teacher, but he is a best friend.

Thankfully, my presumption against failure is nothing more ridiculous. Everything went smoothly, Hoja arranges everything for me. I and Malena married in Madrasah Ganja, with the ordinances of Islam in accordance with the terms Hoja.

The day was so beautiful, while the world rolled under the strong wind gusts.

X

March 8 – 8 November 1917.

Stamps of Azerbaijan

The Russian Revolution begins, and the Tsar abdicated. The Russian Caucasus where Azerbaijan joined in the fall. Administration system in which Armenian, Azerbaijan, and Georgia united, has been broken. In March 1918, ethnic and religious conflicts between the Armenian-Azeri in Baku began. On May 26, 1918, after a messy problem. Azerbaijan faction withdrew and proclaimed the independence of the Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan. Shortly after the outbreak of war the Armenian-Azerbaijan in the summer of 1918. The fighting itself is still continuing in Karabakh until 1919, fighting peaked in 1920 to General Samedbey Mehmendarov expelled Armenian troops from Karabakh.

March 1920

Clearly visible Soviet Russia would attack Azerbaijan. Vladimir Lenin said, “The invasion must be done because the Soviet Union would not survive without the supply of oil from Baku (capital of Azerbaijan).” I do not like politics, for me, it is all nonsense. But I fear that young pregnant Malena. I have fears of a prospective father, as appropriate. My resolve was made, we had to evacuate. Actually, I chose the Persians in the South, but Malena balks. Eastern country was too foreign to him, I said that I was an Asian, and my son should be Asian. He cried and said I’m not Asian, but Azeri, and our children should be a European. Finally, I relented, Melena’s uncle picked him to Georgia. Only she and her unborn child, I was not allowed to participate. I was Azeri, and there is no place for the Azeris in the north.

Malena holding my cheek soothingly, “Bear Ali. If the situation is improving, we will get you.” Malena goes with the last train, when all my family returned to Persia, I refuse to evacuate. I will survive.

May 1920

Russian XI Army entered Ganja, and waves of red-backed army rebels in Armenia and Georgia came like a flood. I, along with Hasan Army Democratic Republic Azerbaijan keep the Ganja bridge entrance. Our faces were covered with dust, and blackened eyes from lack of sleep. The sound of trumpets and drums of alerting all soldiers. Like a beast awaiting prey XI, Russian troops have faced off across the river. The desire to kill them keeps them calm and passionate. Apart from best effort to stay calm, I’m able to control my fear. They are too much!

In the middle of the day, we have a view of the enemy we have been preparing to enter. The soldiers spilled out to the bridge, and I was swept with a carbine. But wave after wave came, the sky layer of dust erupted.

“Allahu Akbar!” I screamed when a bullet penetrates my shirt, I fell into the water and did not remember anything else.

May 31, 1920

Red Army entered Azerbaijan

The Democratic Republic of the Soviet Union conquered Azerbaijan. In the end, the Azeris did not surrender the independence of 1918-1920 quickly and easily. 20,000 were killed fighting in the Russian conquest. And soon the Soviet Union establish Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, and easier because the support of the majority of the Bolshevik ideology is popular among industrial workers in Baku. From that day Azerbaijan became part of the Soviet Union.

X

1 Shawal 1412 H – 4 April 1992

Last night I felt nauseous and sick. I was shivering, my body like fire-roasted. I drank three pots of water and slept. I spent the morning Eid prayer, the pain was gone, but I felt so weak and suffered a bad premonition of impending disaster. I sat down on the bed. Then I laughed, remembering the words of Alena Shevchenko.

“You are wrong to think like that. Azerbaijan is still part of the Russian empire even if the Ural mountains have been uprooted. Well, Ali on your mind it! You should be dealt with. Now Sufi pack your stuff!”

About six months ago, Azerbaijan gained independence from The Soviet Union. In the end, nothing lasts forever, not even the Soviet empire, which seemed to be thousands of years old, fell out. I am very happy to imagine, Alena Shevchenko mourning at the grave. But nothing lasts forever, words Hoja. My teacher Nasruddin Hoja. “We are your friend. we will be there with or follow you like hounds.”

Nashruddin Hoja

He is really a hunting dog. How he came to the site of the battle and carried the wounded me through all the Red army barricades Azerbaijan penetrate into the border of Iran (Persia) and escorted me to my family to Tehran. If all the gratitude in the world should I spoke to him, then it’s not enough. After that he disappeared forever, never to be seen again. I’m trying to find him but eventually gave up. Maybe Hoja was no ordinary man, maybe he was an Aulia (saint). As Aulia’s nature, then it is better he is mysterious.

In Teheran Iran, I passed long years. Marry and reproduce, as an economic man I succeeded. A shoe store that I pioneered growing rapidly, but over the years it anyway I still think of Malena. The time has long passed since the incident, I imagine Malena, our children caught up in conflicts that led to the most terrible. Often in a nightmare, I imagine they were trapped in the fire and how often I expect there to share the pain with them. When the Soviet Union still existed, many times I tried to get in. Unfortunately, I was identified as a rebel, and the Iron Curtain country closed to me forever. All of it is a painful memory. I kept trying to internalize it.

“Grandfathers. There’s a guest.” Little Fatima entered the room, I tried to get out of bed but could not. A woman entered, accompanied by a man, from my view he is a charming thirties, his eyes the color of honey. His hair was jet black. see his heart stopped. His face reminded me of someone who I thought never would I see again, Malena.

He rushed up and hugged me, she was crying. There seemed eternal closeness created between me and him. “Grandpa introduced me, Sonja.” Sonja’s name never echoed in my ears many years ago, then he wiped his eyes and introduce the men next to him, “This is my husband Dimitri.”

I seemed to already know the subject, but only one word that comes out of my mouth, “Malena?”

“Yes Grandpa, I’m Sonja, grandson of Malena.” At first glance there is some relief on his face as the last revealed word, or is it just my imagination? I held her hand and stroked her gently.

Sonja tells the story, of his grandmother Malena, my beloved wife. Later that night arrived in Tbilisi (Georgia) and stay home with her uncle, she gave birth to our son, Kaka. The Caucasus was so chaotic circumstances at the time, so there is no news of Azerbaijan. Once it was safe, he tried to find out where I was. But there is no definite news, some said I had been killed at the battle of Ganja. Malena pretty eventually married again, to Joseph a secretaries Communist Party of Georgia (my heart was jealous), he regretted why left me in a state of chaos. In 1960 Kahka, my son. Met with Haydar Hasan’s son who still lived in Azerbaijan, from Haydar knew that I was saved by a crazy old man named Hoja, who was carried past a hail of bullets to the south and disappeared. Malena and Kahka tried to enter Iran, but the iron curtain country closed the door. Only when the Soviet Union broke up, did the door open. Unfortunately, both Malena and Kahka were gone. Sonja as the only daughter Kahka still has hope, through the network of connections he tried to find news about me, and we eventually met.

“She always remembers you,” he whispered. Tears streamed down my cheeks. “And I always remember her, never lost sight of her, and also my son, your father.”

I remember our first meeting. I was a little afraid of him because they have to sit next to the Armenians, who told Hoja behaved like a ghost.

“Time to eat!” Fatima was surprised once again.

I invited Sonja and her husband to go to the dining room accompanied by Fatima. I said it would follow after a decent dress, Dimitri wanted to help me stand up but I was kidding him, “Ali Murtaza, never received the help of a Russian.” Dimitri was surprised, but I patted his back and said that I was just kidding.

After they leave, I dress the best that I have. Before exiting I prayed, “O Allah, I had the pleasure over the fate predetermined me.”

Now everything is finished. I’m glad you’re here with me. In these moments, my granddaughter Sonja.

X

“We know very little about our ancestors, indeed, we could even mention their names several generations.” Ali and Malena, a love story, with background Azerbaijan during the Russian empire, the independence and the Soviet invasion. 1911-1920

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

More stories:

  1. DEVIL FACE OF AN ANGEL; 19 November 2010;
  2. THE COURT OF SATAN; 29 November 2010;
  3. HOW TO TURN LEAD INTO GOLD; 3 April 2017;
  4. DIFFERENT NARCISSUS; 7 April 2017;
  5. YUKIMURA SANADA, THE LAST GENERAL; 10 April 2017;
  6. THE LAST WITCH; 10 April 2017;
  7. TOKUGAWA IEYASU, THE ASURA; 19 April 2017;
  8. BHISHMA’S DEATH; 21 April 2017;
  9. BEHIND THE SCENES MACHIAVELLI WROTE THE PRINCE; 23 April 2017;
  10. SPEECH OF THE BIRDS; 25 April 2017;
  11. THE NOBLE VEIL, ODA NOBUNAGA; 13 May 2017;
  12. LETTER TO LISA; 9 June 2017;
  13. GATE WITHOUT GATE, THE MILITARY STRATEGY OF IEYASU TOKUGAWA; 10 JUNE 2017;
  14. DUSK IN MALACCA; 4 July 2017;
  15. THE RIVERMAN; 18 July 2017;
Posted in Fiction, History, International, Story | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 12 Comments

BANDA ACEH KONDISI TAHUN 1975

BANDA ACEH KONDISI TAHUN 1975

Ini adalah sebuah kota yang menjanjikan kenangan. Banda Aceh sungguh indah, jalan lurus dengan barisan rapi gedung-gedung mungil dan pepohonan angsana yang rindang. Aromanya khas dan kuat selalu memberikan kesan kepada mereka yang datang dan pergi.

Angin menderai aroma angsana terasa hari menjelang maghrib. Ada beberapa dahan memberi celah sang senja memerah menyeruak, dihajar udara yang kian dingin. Begitulah hidup sudah beberapa waktu berjalan.

Masjid Raya Baiturrahman Banda Aceh tahun 1975. Foto diambil oleh Asian Archeology and Culture History, Boston University

Foto Museum Aceh di Banda Aceh pada tahun 1975. Foto diambil oleh Asian Archeology and Culture History, Boston University

Tugu Darussalam di Kampus Universitas Syiah Kuala tahun 1975. Foto diambil oleh Asian Archeology and Culture History, Boston University

Mahasiswa Universitas Syiah Kuala turun dari Robur menuju Ruang Kuliah Umum di tahun 1975. Foto diambil oleh Asian Archeology and Culture History, Boston University

Katalog Photography

  1. Makna Puisi Yang Hilang
  2. Permufakatan Para Burung
  3. Sang Rajawali
  4. Tuanku Abdul Hamid
  5. Peucut
  6. Renungan Malam
  7. Secangkir Kopi Tubruk di puncak gunung Geurute, Aceh Jaya
  8. Secangkir Kopi robusta Aceh
  9. Di Tepian Pantai Pulau Bunta
  10. Nostagia Tabloid BOLA
  11. Laut dan Senja
  12. Rimueng Aulia
  13. Anagram Mantra Kutindhieng
  14. Perahu Ba di Laut Alif
  15. Lapangan Basket di Blang Padang
  16. Pelaminan Pernikahan Aceh
  17. Pakaian Adat Laki-Laki Aceh
  18. Kuburan Ayah
  19. Lembu dituntun Gembala
  20. Kucing Merah Putih
Posted in Cuplikan Sejarah, Data dan Fakta, Photography | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , , | 1 Comment

THE LAST WITCH

 

The Last With of Bogomil Tribe

An old lady in black robes, sitting at the table while holding a crystal ball glowing red patterned red wood grain. His face was pockmarked like the people affected by leprosy, he smiled at us, his teeth had dated some really creepy.

THE LAST WITCH

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

As science progressed, everything occult and vague has been revealed. The witches were eliminated inland, slowly they are extinct, disappeared from history.

Brijeg forest in sight. According to the oral history of the tribe, Bogomil is where the witches residing. Legends and myths as if calling me to get there. There is a detour to get to Sarajevo, but call me beat the fear that has been instilled by the ancestors.

I got out of the carriage. “Goran, give me a horse. We will pass through this forest!” I’m not used to riding a horse. It will even cause a rash on the thighs. But this time it was not a problem.

“Sir if not better we passed the usual way. This forest is a witch’s nest.” Goran proposal, which was approved by the guards looked the other.

I smile. “The trip from Istanbul was very tiring. There is nothing wrong, we cut off the road. Anyway is there among you who has ever seen a witch? Let’s go forward!!!”

Reluctantly they follow. Entering the Brijeg Forest may rest with the earth. The delegation walked slowly avoid offending trees that grew close. The half-day trip, nothing special until we arrived at the field that is not as great extent. An old village which seemingly had been abandoned by its inhabitants. Could this was once the village witches? Fear and curiosity mingled in the minds of us all.

Dark days ahead so that we see the distance incandescent fire in a house. Nedzad suggested that we all go. But the call of my heart is getting stronger. “Goran, Nedzad, Ceric took me there! While others stay here to prepare a base. We spend the night here!”I spur my horse right into the house.

Just like the other houses, this house is unkempt. The walls are made of hardened muddy ground with wooden branches as the roof.

“Please come in Lord Milovan!” A voice called out, strange as it sounds to recognize my name. We entered quietly. There was silence, who would have expected someone who lived in a hidden forest know who the guests. Predictably he was one of those magicians who became a legend in the oral tradition of our tribe.

An old lady in black robes, sitting at the table while holding a crystal ball glowing red patterned red wood grain. His face was pockmarked like the people affected by leprosy, he smiled at us, his teeth had dated some really creepy.

“Why be surprised to see me, if you had just returned from Istanbul, a different world? While I was part of your people, Lord White Milovan?” We stopped, obviously the witch tells her identity.

“You’ve opted into Turkey and leaving the pagan belief. Whereas in the rest of Europe only a tribe of us who still worship the God and the Goddess.” The words seemed sad. And we are ready to accept anger from him. The witch is the link between the world and the gods in ancient culture Bogomil tribe.

Our foursome was still standing. “I have to choose. Austria in the North, our rivals Slavic tribes allied with Russia, while others have succumbed to Rome. Only we were still pagan, and now is the golden era of Ottoman.” I argued.

“Lord Milovan!” She stared, pointing to me. “Ottoman Period will end soon. And one day our people will be left alone.” She voice sad. “But I will not be here to see. Because I, Sonja daughter of Illiya will die soon. Bringing this tradition is lost forever. “

A witch can not cry, that’s his destiny but he was seen sobbing. Found herself alone and betrayed. Chin jutting out and the greenish face looks very sad. “And you!” She pointed to my face. “Since the departure declares surrender to the Caliph in Istanbul, I’d curse you!” Somehow I do not get angry with her, maybe I pity her.

She paused for a moment waiting for an answer, but we just stay quiet. He laughed. “I curse the ancient curse using my own blood, you Lord Milovan! Will find your name is lost to history, and will not be recorded or remembered by anyone! And your tribe! Will be the most different, the most bizarre in the history of mankind! And will experience the abomination that you have never imagined!” Even before he was condemned, we Bogomils were the most different across Europe.

Still, she had cursed me, my people, which are also his people. Finally, he poked his head as if waiting to be beheaded, “are you waiting for? Is not religion the Turks think of me as evil and should be killed! “

“Old woman,” I sighed. “They are also taught to forgive, and love,” I said. He laughs, terrible as the laughter of crows. “You hypocrite !! Are not you, Lord Milovan expect forgiveness from me? A frail elderly woman and you were left alone in the world? “

That’s not really, but somehow we all nodded. Sorry for the last witch of the tribe Bogomil. “We apologize for disturbing the mother, it is a time we returned. The return trip to Sarajevo was still very far away.” We ask ourselves.

“Have you gone! Go away and leave me alone!” She raved with Bogomil ancient language that had we not understand anymore. “But I’ll give you an exception, as the latter devotion the memory of your ancestors.”

He intends to hold us, but stay here longer will add to the pain, we. “But today’s events will be recorded in your name, and you will live happily until the end of life. And our people will be the most beautiful in the history of mankind.” Her voice trailed off and lost in sobs.

We exited the house, we mutually pledge to not going to tell this story to anyone. For the good of us all. That evening we also agreed to continue the journey. At dawn, we found already on the edge of the forest.

Brijeg forest in sight. According to the oral history of the tribe, Bogomil is where the witches residing.

Brijeg forest in sight. According to the oral history of the tribe, Bogomil is where the witches residing.

The road to Sarajevo’s looked behind the fog. This trip was so tiring, my body seemed to crumble all. Arriving at Sarajevo I feel like sleeping. Our spy was so exhausted. Somehow, since leaving the jungle Brijeg my eyes felt swollen. Given the history of Bogomil since the Great Albarc had to drop my hand, given the Principality Bogomil future will only be Sanjaq (province) of the Ottoman. Could this all my fault.

“Ah, maybe this is due to the fog that!” I muttered to myself. However, the house is getting closer.

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

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YUKIMURA SANADA, THE LAST GENERAL

Sanada Yukimura (真田 幸村?, 1567 – June 3, 1615), actual name: Sanada Nobushige (真田 信繁?), was a Japanese samurai warrior of the Sengoku period. He was especially known as the leading general on the defending side of the Siege of Osaka.

YUKIMURA SANADA, THE LAST GENERAL

Siege of Osaka, 1615

The summer morning breeze crept slowly into the Osaka castle. The last defense of Toyotomi looks dull cherry blossom. Smiling face death awaits the right moment to greet and create a dark atmosphere for the occupants inside.

Tokugawa troops are out there, led by a painstaking named Ieyasu the head of the clan. of best daimyo behind. Matsume Date eyed one supports it. Honda Hoichiro horned helmet was already getting on a horse ready to kill each loyal supporter Hideyori.

Tokugawa betrays winter agreements. Peace peace outside the fortress destroyed Osaka conditional denied. Everyone in the castle curses the stupidity of Hideyori, while troops outside the fortress laugh at the folly of the Taiko Hideyoshi’s son heir who carries the banner of the golden pumpkin.

Yukimura Sanada, the only general who is still loyal to the Osaka castle looked katana with a hard eye. However pained. Hideyori was not the father, Hideyoshi. Though Osaka had almost won the battle of the winter when the camp of the peaceful Edo filed. Immoral, cowardly Hideyori receives the deceitful agreement. The whole country lost confidence in Western troops.

Tatami sound shifts slowly, Wakatabe Tenzo sign bent. Ninja is already aging, his eyebrows were white. He has served since the days of Hideyoshi even when they lordship Oda Nobunaga. “Lord Sanada, fighting had broken’s gate. Edo forces came with the Portuguese cannon to destroy the walls of the fort. ”

“Tenzo Finally, it was time for me to fight.” Yukimura stands strong.

“Lord Sanada, as a good general, please stand beside Hideyori Highness.” Denies Tenzo. A ninja must not be denied General, every soldier knows the samurai code of ethics.

Yukimura smiled, “Tenzo. I will advance to the forefront. Jump to camp Ieyasu, will I take home the Mikawa bastard’s head so that it is we who win this war. ”

Hearing the words of his master, Tenzo banging head on the floor and cried. ‘You do not rashly still another war, I beg hosts consider this carefully. My master will only pick up death, there were twenty thousand soldiers guarding the camp Ieyasu. ”

“Tenzo, I was the last general after everything is gone. Is it possible to win against the invasion of East troops that came like a flood? In fact, it is difficult to survive this war actually was a long time. Even before Sekigahara occurs. Prepare Tenzo horse! “Yukimura command.

The sun culminated when Yukimura rides a horse. Tenzo holding the reins while crying. “Tenzo, Majesty Hideyori agree with my strategy.” Yukimura spits sideways. “Pray on Hachiman. I will bring Tokugawa Ieyasu head home. ”

Tenzo increasingly sobbing and snot came out,” Sir what if we lose? ”

Yukimura challenging look at the sky blazing sun. “Keep your honor and die with a smile.” Yukimura Sanada pulled reins and drove at full strength to the battle.

Sanada Yukimura alone penetrates the cordon of troops Tokugawa, with a body full of arrows opposing forces. Dusk when Yukimura Sanada reached Tokugawa camp. And when he was confronted with Ieyasu, pick her death. The body was pale, every drop of blood no longer inhabit the body. He died with a smile.

The main principle; To win the war; Is to make soldiers; Die happily

In the end. Hideyori’s commander Sanada Yukimura was killed, destroying the morale of the Western Army. The smaller force led directly by Hideyori sallied forth from Osaka Castle too late, and was chased right back into the castle by the advancing enemies; there was no time to set up a proper defense of the castle, and it was soon ablaze and pummeled by artillery fire. Hideyori committed seppuku, and the final major uprising against Tokugawa rule was put to an end, leaving the shogunate unchallenged for approximately 250 years.

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

More stories:

  1. THANK YOU FOR REJECTING ME YESTERDAY; 9 August 2008;
  2. DEVIL FACE OF AN ANGEL; 19 November 2010;
  3. THE COURT OF SATAN; 29 November 2010;
  4. HOW TO TURN LEAD INTO GOLD; 3 April 2017;
  5. DIFFERENT NARCISSUS; 7 April 2017;
  6. THE LAST WITCH; 10 April 2017;
  7. ALI AND MALENA, A LOVE STORY; 11 April 2017;
  8. TOKUGAWA IEYASU, THE ASURA; 19 April 2017;
  9. BHISHMA’S DEATH; 21 April 2017;
  10. BEHIND THE SCENES MACHIAVELLI WROTE THE PRINCE; 23 April 2017;
  11. SPEECH OF THE BIRDS; 25 April 2017;
  12. THE NOBLE VEIL, ODA NOBUNAGA; 13 May 2017;
  13. LETTER TO LISA; 9 June 2017;
  14. GATE WITHOUT GATE, THE MILITARY STRATEGY OF IEYASU TOKUGAWA; 10 JUNE 2017;
  15. DUSK IN MALACCA; 4 July 2017;
Posted in Fiction, History, International, Story | Tagged , , , , , , , , , , , , | 11 Comments