DIFFERENT NARCISSUS

Narcissus son Cephissus

DIFFERENT NARCISSUS

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

Old roots have passed often disappeared when history does not tell all, it is (possible) a legend into a saga damned. Maybe not yet known, and it was time unknown. It started in the South ancient Greece, a country that will not be found in the present, but only debris. The broad market, famous for silk result. Blessed with water from rivers and creeks, full of grace produce a good, peaceful and prosperous. Built in a mountainous area, The magnificent town was named Thebes, the city’s gate stood Greece. But the years of peace and prosperity did not last long.

The city of Athens intervened against Persian rule in Asia Minor, as a result there was a war between the Persian Empire was led by Darius against the small city-state of Athens. Remarkably, Athenians won decisive battles at Marathon in 490 BC. Ten years later, Xerxes, son of Darius, intending to revenge. Xerxes led a large army towards Greece. In 480 BC, the Spartan king Leonidas holds together a group of soldiers of the Persian forces at Thermopylae narrow gap, in Thessaly, for three days before the finally Spartan army was defeated. This gives time for Athens to evacuate people to the island of Salamis and the Peloponnese. Persian force people Thessaly and Boeotia (including Thebes) to become the Persian soldiers. The city of Athens in the end easily conquered, but the city was empty for most of the population had fled.

Persian invasion of Greece (480-479 BC)

Under the leadership of general Themistocles of Athens, the Athens squad along with Sparta and their allies tried to face the Persian fleet at Salamis. Incredible sea battle took place in the Saronic Gulf, where a fleet of Greece succeeded in destroying and sinking a lot of Persian ships. Once defeated, Xerxes brought the remnants of the fleet to leave Greece. Some General together with a detachment of troops left behind in Greece to deal with the Greek troops on the ground. Greece’s own forces led by general Pausanias of Sparta. In 479 BC, the remnants of the Persian army was totally defeated at Plataea, and the best general of Xerxes, Mardonius, was killed in battle.

War Greece – the Persians, in the bay of Salamis

The victory at Plataea save the independence of Cities in Greece from Persian occupation, but both Athens and Sparta will never forget the betrayal of Thebes, though forced to take sides Persian sentence immediately set. General Pausanias of Sparta demanding every boy Thebes who was born in the years of the Persian wars should be killed, the stronghold of Athens did not argue. And when the sentencing, the mother screams echoed when babies were thrown into the fortified walls of Thebes, the boys impaled outside the city walls.

He is the son of Cephissus has a very handsome face among all the sons of Thebes, so General Themistocles of Athens felt sorry to invoke the exception to the allies of Sparta. General Pausanias was too tired to fight approve. He was the only son of the generation Thebes, Narcissus. Everything has a cause and effect, the soul of parents who lament the death of their sons, formed the hatred in the world, in Persia, in Sparta, and in Athens. A disease originated from the mind, which was once a mighty nation powerless and discouraged. When they hated too strong he switched, forming a flame to the only child who survived the tragedy, Narcissus. And this is where the legend began.

Nobody thinks that this is the beginning of a tragic show a dozen years later. But the world will always remain the exception, Liriope, mother of Narcissus feel worried, too many adversities small Narcissus. Starting from falling into the river, the poison that is presented in the food all seemed deliberate. Who and what? Sometimes malice has no form but felt. Something that is not visible does mean nothing. Although Narcissus continue to be saved, there will be times that luck runs out. It was in the city of Thebes lived a renowned astrologer, Tiberias. Liriope came to him bringing Narcissus asked, “Will my child be able to grow old?”

Astrologer looked at the Narcissus, then answered, “Yes, as long as she does not know himself.” Initially, there was relief at hearing the answer Liriope Tiresias. Then confusion of interpretation the words of the astrologer. Until a long time, the forecast is as if nothing has any meaning.

Year after year goes, people come and go in Thebes. The city that once had a bustling swing back, slowly people began to forget the tragedy of Thebes. When Narcissus sixteen years has become increasingly apparent in such handsomeness this Cephissus son. He was liked by many young people and loved by many girls, but Narcissus ignore them. The residents of Thebes said he was too arrogant, do not listen to anyone else. What happened in the childhood form he does not believe anything he liked a walk in the jungle, alone.

X

Evening sun, long shadows and narrow on the low hills and far away in the West illuminate the surface of the river so that the horizon looks like a wavy gold shadow. Looking down below the trees growing here and there the jungle, Narcissus staring between the leaves, looking at the sky of twilight like jewels.

“Narcissus.”

Echo a fairy forest

Frowning, Narcissus moved aside. He was shocked at the sound source. Echo !!! Why should I meet him he thought. There was fear in his heart, he holds to show it and replied, “Yes Echo.”

“I’m glad you finally answer my call. Do you know? I’d always wait for your reply to my words were. “Echo is a fairy forest, have an oval face. Renowned as the most beautiful fairy in the forest edge of Thebes, where Narcissus usually aloof. Echo is a nymph, beloved of is the goddess of wisdom, craft, and war Athena.

“I’ve grown Echo. Not always I am away from you. ” Narcissus disturbed, he squinted against Echo’s face that he has been avoiding. After all, a fairy is a fairy, they are blessed with a near-perfect face. Their first meeting when Narcissus Echo inadvertently saved on the arrow of a hunter. He drove the hunters when they wanted to capture Echo, and since then he has always followed the forest fairies when entering the jungle.

Echo approached, Narcissus retreated slowly until they are very close distance, “Do you love me?” He was surprised, in Greece love is a sacred thing, Narcissus tangible highest trust someone to someone else, he was amazed. How could it all be submitted Echo round him, though it was claimed to have grown Narcissus that time was just sixteen years old?

Narcissus interested, then his eyes suddenly see the true form Echo. He was frightened in a split second out of the mouth of Echo large fangs. Pixie is an ancient creature, they are aged much longer than human beings a kind of magic that is created specifically to serve the deities. “No!” Narcissus suddenly unfriendly, however, there is far enough age difference between them and Narcissus are not crazy enough to accept the love of older women, even beyond the age of their grandparents.

“No one has ever turned me down!” Echo angry then persuaded, “Accept my love for Narcissus, one day you will be given immortality. I was the favorite fairy from Athena, any wish will be granted to her. ”

Greek deities, Narcissus hated them. Where are they when the Persians invaded? Just hide in the deepest hole of Olympus, after Greek independence on their own efforts they require sacrifice every year. Narcissus thought, maybe they are not too powerful. Only the older age with ancient knowledge, making them capable of imposing a desire in humans, but no more. Later they will also die, rot on the ground. “I’m not interested, I wanted was to stay away from me!” Echo Do not think, that does not mean the long-lived fared well. Watched people who we love old and die, every decade must build relationships with other human beings. It hurts.

Echo snorted, hands on hips, “What a man you are arrogant! How do you live someday bear the wrath of Athena? I once again offer my kindness to you. “Voices Echo softened.

Zeus, Athena, Apollo, Ares or other deities always get what they want. Cajoling, threatening, cursing that occur throughout the ages. Narcissus fed up and said loudly, “No!”

“Careful Narcissus!” Echo warned cry. She turned away without looking back. How the love of a woman can be very dangerous.

Narcissus fell, “what have I done?” Challenging favorite fairy Athena, Goddess of Olympus strongest tantamount to inviting disaster. Night shows the stars decorate the sky like velvet. The innermost hearts, Narcissus feel a strong fear of whack heart.

XXX

Artemis is the goddess of hunting, wild, virgin, and hills.

Not the kind of beauty that is revered poet. This girl is more important than an ordinary woman, making her the object of mystery, awe and captivate. “I’ve never met anyone like you.” The silence that was the depressing enveloping jungle, Narcissus could hear his heartbeat. In fact, no longer heard the sound of birds that morning. A woman holds the arc followed by a stag sings cheerfully as he trotted alongside a river. A beautiful young woman, she wore clothes just along the knee, the knee section embroidered clothes, and clothes that make it easy to run short. Narcissus approached slowly, desire owned overcome all fear. The women stop singing viewed Narcissus. Shocked and head tilted, Narcissus looked at women who had a high body with the hips and small breasts. High forehead shows she is a haughty goddess. He leaned toward the woman, trying to remember, He whispered, very softly, “Artemis?” In the Greek culture, Artemis is the goddess of hunting, wild, virgin, and hills.

He knew that his love unrequited.

Aphrodite is the goddess of love, beauty in Greek culture

“Be careful on who you fall in love because fate has a strange attraction to our family.” Narcissus turned around, she saw another woman who is not less beautiful than Artemis. It might even exceed, but the woman’s beauty radiated looks so mature. Narcissus fell silent, he felt the overall elegance of the woman behind the deep wounds as a result of betrayal, deceit, and intrigue. He bowed his head, the female beauty will draw all men even the Greek god of the mutual fistfight instead make Narcissus fear, not the kind of fear of the terrible but rather the fear of the dark. Lifetime, only this time he felt inferior to someone.

Somehow these women had the cheek Narcissus while with the other drill blonde hair of the child, he smiled to feel the frightened bottom of the young religious Thebes, the “do not be afraid Narcissus because I Aphrodite come to rescue you.” Aphrodite was the goddess of love, beauty in Greek culture. “Eros My son said to me, that all my temple across Greece filled with virgin longing for you deflowered, advice choose one of them. Then you will find happiness. ”

Narcissus licked his lips, the request made him uneasy, “Goddess, I decided to reject it, whether it’s a suggestion or coercion”

Aphrodite giggling like a tease, “Narcissus you’re young, you do not know that how such beauty it is harmful. Because of you, the gods fear will cause a division among the people, even the gods. Narcissus, you believe in the gods? ”

“Which god? Too many gods? ”

“Whichever. All. Do you believe there is a great power than the human will? ”

Narcissus thought for a second, unspoken courage little by little. “Maybe you did there, I never saw Artemis and you today. But if you should be called a god, I do not respect you all for letting the Persian colonized Greece. ”

“In the end Greece defeated Persia. And it probably is an instrument of the gods, whether you think of it? ”

Narcissus laugh, “I think it could be, but nevertheless they certainly do not care whether we live or die. Certainly not, for what? You are all Gods. ”

Aphrodite looked worried, he withdrew. “So you do not consider yourself accountable to anyone, except yourself?” Aphrodite Narcissus stared for a few seconds, “your beauty invites calamity and catastrophe mind one day. And on that day even I can not help you. ”

“Aphrodite, am I a bad person?”

Aphrodite shook her head and disappeared.

XXXX

Ares is the Greek god of war

Olympus hall. That night, Ares restless. It was impossible for him really relaxed, knowing a few more hours of Apollo will be back. Knowing the importance of Artemis for his twin brother. Using Artemis for its interests would invite a battle with the Sun God as he had ever experienced before. Simultaneously he hoped soon to get rid of an annoying Narcissus, he was jealous because Aphrodite always mentions the name of the young child. Both thought it causes tension on the head to the base of the tail bone. A minute passes, another minute. “I hope that Apollo was not immediately returned.”

“Ah, there are,” said a voice behind him, he turned and saw Athena entered. Athena is the Goddess of Wisdom, War, and crafts. A woman wearing a suit of armor, complete with shield. In the name of the most prosperous city in Greece is attributed. One of the most influential goddesses in Olympus once most hated rival by Ares.

Athena is the Goddess of Wisdom, War, and crafts

“Sly, left to wait for the return of Apollo and let the future will hold back his anger.” He was wearing black pants and a jacket buttoned dark red satin trimmed with gold stitching. Her long hair covered helmet made war look very handsome and even noble.

“What is this? A god of war Ares afraid to Apollo. “Athena shook naughty, seductive eyes. “We do not wait for Apollo, but Artemis.”

“If he comes home?”

“He will not return in the near future, Echo sunset belonging to Apollo train derailed in Africa, and will certainly burn their skin. Good, it will make Apollo hassles and could not get back quickly to Olympus. ”

For the first time, Ares looked surprised. Then next to her lips attracted upwards. “Of course I should have known. You are so dangerous, and I’m grateful to not be enemy today. ”

More than a quarter of an hour passed before the door opened. Artemis slipped inside, soft legs made no sound. He stepped through the Ares and Athena, she jumped onto the couch and sat there. Her began by taking a bite of an apple and spoiled. Still not stare her said, “I’m not a waitress who came and went over the call you. And I’ve decided not to participate in your plan. I admit was attracted to her, he had an unusual beauty. Even more than Dionysus, the God of Wine.”

Mmh. Ares tongue scraping noise grew louder when he concentrated. He was angry but refrained.

“I never thought so Artemis. We’re just asking for help from you a little. “Then Athena smiled sweetly,” Well if you do not help us further, we thank you even bothered themselves to problems that are not important. “Artemis fireworks flared nostrils, delighted with the praise of Athens.

“What I want to know if he is interested in you?”

Artemis grimly amused. “Of course, if you doubt me? He was interested in me as I was interested in him. I think I fell in love with her, hair, eyes, body reminds me of myself. We have much in common even though he was a man, “Artemis paused for a moment,” and I was a goddess. I think going to ask Zeus, married me with Narcissus. “Her eyes were very pleased.

Ares wry face, he grabbed the bench. Athena smiled, “excellent choice, I’m sure Zeus would approve. Unfortunately, when he was in Egypt, back later you may submit it. And make sure I come back you. “If that speak not Athena, the Ares will rage. Jealousy is enough for Aphrodite is always talking about Narcissus, plus he will be brought to Olympus, became husband and Artemis. Artemis who has not chosen a husband today. But Athens has always had a plan. Artemis eyes twinkled happily, she got up and kissed Athens.

“I’d better go to bed now, thank you, sister.” She waved his hand and went into the room, past the Ares surly.

“Look at Athens! Now things are getting messed up! ”

“Not Ares, all under control. What we do is immediately eliminated Narcissus and manipulate the news of his death so no one knows. ”

“If you listen to the advice first, kill him! What is so difficult, he is only human. ”

Athena looked at Ares, “it is not elegant.” She shook his head, “believe me. Now I’m going to look for Echo, it is the last piece of the great plan of mine. ”

When Athena moved away, Ares said, “you’re going to what?”

XXXXX

The first thing to realize Narcissus is the difference in colors. Since he fell in love with Artemis. Blocks of stone in the sky were getting better than before. The details of the forest that were closed his eyes now looked sharp and clear while the formerly prominent seemed to fade. Every day he felt happy walking around the jungle and hope to soon meet with Artemis. In one day he came out of the house and sang cheerfully. The atmosphere suddenly silent in the jungle, she felt something unusual. He turned around, he saw Artemis next to him, “You are so beautiful, and I like it.” Narcissus learn to flirt.

Artemis blushed cheeks dice, “Now you’re teasing me.” Artemis put out a small laughter.

“Maybe I should call you Princess, Princess Artemis,” Narcissus speak again, enjoying the sense of the words.

“You can not call me that,” said Artemis, more serious. “I’m not a princess.”

“Why not? Your father was Zeus. How could you not be a princess? His title is King of the Gods, surely you can be called a princess. ”

“Not that ‘princess.'” Countered Artemis. “There is no similarity between human princess and daughter of the god.”

“Is not it the same thing?” Asked Narcissus.

“Not as simple as that.” Artemis looked not want to explain further, inviting the disappointment on the faces of Narcissus.

“A small difference is hard to find a way out, how can we get married?”

Artemis was surprised, “How dare you Narcissus! We’ve only met twice already invited married. You are human and I’m a goddess, a clear difference between us, you’re not even a boyfriend. “Artemis smiled mischievously see the face of Narcissus.

“Oh, not at all possible?”

And Artemis laughed again, “perhaps, but certainly a heavy condition. As the supreme God, my father would reject a law that is not feasible. For that, you have to prove yourself. “Narcissus stunned, hope had faded back to life.

“What condition?”

Artemis put his lips to the ears of Narcissus, whispered something. After completion of Narcissus raised his eyebrows and looked at him with a thoughtful expression. Horror-chilling Narcissus.

XXXXXX

“The power of the Gods and Goddess Olympus rely on the magic, with the knowledge that they can live longer than humans. As long as they do not hurt or kill anyone they can live up to thousands of years. Zeus as the god of the strongest can accept ordinary man entered this elite group if the man proves himself. The strongest magic is calling the spirit, it is not difficult as long as it has a strong determination. So with the magic words, I taught this call a spirit that lives in the jungle border river Thebes. If people gossiping then ignore, conceal it. With the ability of the mind that you have would succeed. And of course Zeus certainly happy to receive you as a son in law. “

Love could be a terrible curse. Will blind the biggest mistake though in the nature of a person. The next day, Narcissus summon the spirit of the river. Shortly thereafter, he became a gossip material. Narcissus mad, he loves for himself by calling a reflection of his own shadow. People gathered around Narcissus reminded Thebes, but he was not affected. He was insatiable looked into the water, and when he bent down to whisper the mantra taught by Artemis. He kept repeating the same thing, over and over again.

When the evening, residents of Thebes upset and desperate to persuade Narcissus and go one by one. Narcissus was still faithful calling. Calling the spirit is the accursed magic avoided by any Witch, a spirit is a desire that has the face of evil once kindness. But Narcissus never know. By evening, suddenly irritated spirit. A hand emerged from the river, he smiled Narcissus seek Artemis around. Artemis appeared from behind a tree Narcissus approached, the closer his face fade turned into Echo! He was framed!

the death of Narcissus

Narcissus was shocked, to be more surprised when the hand pulled himself into the river. All he saw as he slid into the river, in the brief seconds he realized that the momentum to escape is to swim as hard as the possible to edge river. He tried mightily to penetrate the circle of spirit that hugged her body in the water. But he was weak, desperate and exhausted. He floated in the water, her last feeling was regret and last thoughts of Artemis. After an hour later, the river threw the body with pale face looming on the surface of still water.

When Aphrodite arrived, all mournful wail forest fairy Narcissus found lifeless. The most grieving are Echo, he was not aware of the plan of Athena, is to kill Narcissus. He sat beside Narcissus and incessant crying until she fell asleep.

Flowers Narcissist (Latin; Amaryllidaceae)

“Already I have said before Narcissus, how handsome appearance would invite disaster.” Sadly, he uttered a few words. Narcissus body has not seen again, in place now to grow a flower that smells good. Then the flower is called the Daffodil (Latin; Amaryllidaceae). Aphrodite disappeared

The next day, Echo awake and find the flowers. He can not resist her pain, she was promised by Athena when Narcissus can summon the spirit, then the spirit will turn into a fairy Narcissus not kill him. Disappointed, betrayed Athena, and at the same time betraying Narcissus, he walked aimlessly into the jungle and eventually died of deep sorrow. The ancient Greeks believed that the sound echo can still be heard when walking into the woods or mountains. When the shouting, the sound of the beautiful fairy will repeat the last word of the sentence pronounced.

Be careful on who you fall in love because fate has a strange attraction to us.

XXXXXX

Narcissus is a very popular subject in art Romantik. In Freudian psychiatry and psychoanalysis, narcissism terminology refers to the level of excessive self-esteem, a condition that usually is a form of emotional immaturity.

Aphrodite is regarded as a punishing Narcissus, Eros at the behest of his mother shooting arrows of love when Narcissus bent down to drink, he saw his own shadow and fell in love. Narcissus cause death.

Artemis, the twin sister of Apollo. Olympus goddesses are known to not get married.

Athena and Ares, forever be enemies in ancient Greek culture.

XXXXXXX

Dalam Bahasa Indonesia

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THE HISTORY OF INDONESIAN POETRY

Chairil Anwar (26 July 1922 – 28 April 1949) was an Indonesian poet. His poems have been translated into English, French, and Dutch. The anniversary of his death is celebrated as National Literature Day.

THE HISTORY OF INDONESIAN POETRY

Poetry is the art of writing in which language is used for its aesthetic qualities in addition to, or in addition to the semantic side. Poetry is not a type of literature, but the embodiment of the human imagination is the source of all creativity. Poetry is also an outpouring of hearts someone who would bring others into his heart. Poetry also sometimes called the syair (Indonesian) comes from the Arabic Syu’ur meaningful feelings.

Poetry just relies on words, without tools, this is where the difficulty for a writer or carrier of poetry to convey the deepest feelings to the audience. In contrast to the music blaring lyrics, and compiled in the form of songs, making the track very dynamic. Poetry tends to be static, but we shall not forget that in the history of Indonesia, Chairil Anwar makes us amazed. In his poems in 1945. The traces of the poet’s record is timeless.

Arab society in ancient times (pre-Islamic) respect someone if he has two skills, wrestling first and second verse. Can be ensured if there is someone who became a champion in the field, then inevitably it will become a clan pride. Essentially society worships Arabia at that time in two things to be a paradox, strength, and softness.

When Islam spread in the desert sand, the strength of the poets was immersed. The poet was so fascinated by the style of language of the Quran, that they thus no longer able to create a work of poetic quality.

Centuries later when Islam has become an established force in the East and the West appeared more prominent writers. Formula Balagha became the trigger-grade poetry of that era.

Each culture has a tradition of poetry, whether it is an oral tradition or written. Once upon a time getting the better of a culture of quality poetry produced. Similarly, Indonesia’s history has Chairil Anwar, Hamka, H.B Jassin, Sitor Situmorang, Taufik Ismail to W.S Renda. Even Soe Hok Gie create a poem in his era.

Speaking in the present context, we can say we are very short of the literary masters who produce high-quality poetry. What is the cause? Life is the law of cause and effect, if we look from the start of principal events could be the existing system led to a brilliant surface. But there can be also our society no longer properly appreciate a poem. In the modern era mindset, people have been contaminated with the materialism that makes life drier, the art of being tasteless and a poem to be dry.

An exact science has cradled us, not wrong. But what is the beauty of mathematics when a poem is not complete? At times everyone can speak freely even Iwan Fals reject creating a social critique through a song, as before. Too many noisy criticisms will only make a masterpiece into a discordant voice. Strong possibility that the multidimensional crisis that befell this nation because of us or most of us lose the meaning of poetry. Who knows?

Every era has its phenomenon, and each period has its problems. But there is always the same as romance. The love story is something timeless era swallowed. From the days of Adam and Eve until now he has never run a story or reading material. He rattled anyone’s life that seduced by the charm of his appeal. May ask anyone, it is a pleasure to live the dream of every human child, though he is ignored, denied, or even trampled.

But if something more thrilling than romance? Perhaps each person has a different answer, depending on the background and character of a person. If you were to ask someone Muhammad Hatta before 1945 he would answer independence, it could be a heart expression of someone who had sworn never to marry, before Indonesia’s independence. if you asked a Tan Malaka, a person whose life is more powerful than fiction, maybe he will answer adventure! By reaching independence the people of Bukittinggi navigate the world with broad horizons to set foot from Manila to Russia. Everyone should have the right to dissent. However, what it all means if we are not able to embody a story full of feelings in a poem.

A poem contained the wisdom of life, the philosophy of stoicism, and understanding the of pain and joy. Poetry and science are two opposite but actually complementary. Omar Khayyam an eminent astronomer of his day is now more famous as a writer since the trail he left behind.

Poetry, he softens the heart. “In poetry, there are hidden forces, he made complacently but he also has the ability to burn spirit”. We must not lose its meaning.

Translate from: Makna Puisi Yang Hilang

More articles:
  1. PIRATE, REBEL OR EVIL; 4 April 2017;
  2. CIVILIZATION WITHOUT WRITING; 13 April 2017;
  3. PERPETUUM MOBILE; 17 April 2017;
  4. AGAINST TRADITION IS ACTUALLY VERY OLD TRADITION; 8 May 2017;
  5. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF THE SUICIDE BOMBING; 25 May 2017;
  6. RAMADAN AND RELATIVITY; 26 May 2017;
  7. HOW TO PREVENT HOAX, A SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL; 6 June 2017;
  8. ISLAMIC SHARIAH WHO IS AFRAID, A CASE STUDY IN ACEH; 13 June 2017;
  9. ACEH WOMEN FULL POWER; 13 June 2017;
  10. CONQUEST OF CULTURE; 15 June 2017;
  11. DONNARUMMA THE TRAITOR; 18 June 2017;
  12. EID MUBARAK AND PASCAL LAW; 25 June 2017;
  13. HOW TO INHERIT THE GREATNESS; 11 July 2017;
  14. CIRCLE OF HATRED; 14 July 2017;
  15. HISTORICAL REPETITION; 15 July 2017;
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MENENTANG TRADISI MEMANG TRADISI

Perang merupakan tradisi orang Papua dulu.

MENENTANG TRADISI MEMANG TRADISI

Orang sering mengatakan bahwa tradisi menghambat kemajuan. Yang salah sebenarnya adalah manusianya. Tidak ada orang yang bisa lepas dari masa lalu. Kalau anak muda menentangnya, itu juga bagian dari tradisi.

Orang yang berpegang teguh pada tradisi disebut konservatif, reaksioner atau beraliran kanan. Tradisi adalah hal “kuno”. Rasa tidak suka pada tradisi, menurut sosiolog Edward Shils dari Amerika Serikat, disebabkan oleh pendapat orang yang terperangkap dalam peraturan, dan pola peran yang ditentukan masyarakat, tidak bisa berkembang. Dengan kata lain, orang harus membebaskan diri dari tradisi dan menemukan diri sendiri. Kedengarannya bagus tetapi hal itu tidak mungkin. Tidak ada orang yang bisa membebaskan diri dari tradisi, yaitu sesuatu yang turun temurun, termasuk norma, sikap dan bahasa, pengetahuan, musik, mode bahkan monument, gedung dan pemandangan, mesin dan sebagainya. Tradisi tidak perlu tua, walaupun pada umumnya tradisi muda misalnya muncul di sekolah.

Beda antara di negara maju dan negara berkembang ialah bahwa pada suku tertentu, tradisi merupakan bagian dari dunianya. Orang yang tidak hidup menurut tradisi akan mengacau masyarakat. Lainnya halnya dengan negara maju. Kebanyakan orang-orang di sana mengangap tradisi sebagai rem kemajuan. Pendapat ini sering benar.

Itulah yang terjadi sampai abad ke 16. Tulisan-tulisan dalam kitab kitab suci serta karya para ilmuwan Yunani dan Romawi dianggap sebagai kebenaran mutlak. Tidak ada orang yang mencoba menelitinya. Mungkin itu disebabkan ajaran Aristoteles (384-322 BC). Menurut Aristoteles, orang tidak akan bertambah pandai dengan melakukan eksperimen. Orang bisa mengetahui rahasia alam dengan berfilsafat.

Dalam bidang kedokteran, ahli Yunani dianggap paling hebat adalah Hippocrates (abad ke 4 sebelum Masehi). Teorinya dikembangkan oleh filsuf Yunani lain, yakni Galenus (abad ke 2 Masehi) yang tinggal di Roma. Menurut Hippocrates, dalam tubuh yang sehat terdapat keseimbangan antara empat cairan tubuh yaitu empedu hitam dan putih, lendir dan darah. Orang sakit kalau keseimbangan cairan itu terganggu. Dari situlah lahir kebiasaan mengeluarkan darah orang sakit.

Tradisi dan kemajuan

Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865) harus berjuang keras mengakhiri keadaan tidak steril di dunia kedokteran pada abad ke-19

Tradisi memang menghambat kemajuan. Ini terbukti antara lain ketika ahli kandungan, Semmelweis, ditentang habis-habisan. Ignaz Semmelweis (1818-1865) bekerja rumah sakit Wina. Ia sangat merisaukan para wanita yang meninggal sehabis melahirkan. Jumlahnya cukup banyak. Ia mengerti bahwa penyebabnya adalah kebersihan. Soalnya para dokter yang baru mengadakan pemeriksaan mayat, langsung bekerja di bagian kebidanan tanpa mencuci tangan. Sammelweis memerintahkan agar setiap orang yang bekerja di bagian sebelumnya harus mensucihamakan tangannya. Peraturan itu menurunkan presentasi kematian dikliniknya dari 12,24 menjadi 1,27. Tokh gagasan Sammelweis ditentang. Mungkin karena iri atau bertentangan dengan tradisi. Peraturan itu baru diterima secara umum dua puluh lima tahun setelah Semmelweis meninggal.

Perjuangan dalam bidang astronomi ternyata lebih sulit lagi. Di Eropa, dahulu orang berpegang teguh pada kitab suci. Orang yang berani mengatakan bahwa Bumi mengitari Matahari akan dihukum sebagai orang kafir. Menurut tradisi, Bumilah titik pusat alam semesta.

Seni patung di Mesir dibuat dengan bentuk yang sama paling tidak selama sepuluh abad.

Titik puncak dari keterikatan pada tradisi kuno adalah Mesir kuno. Selama ribuan tahun, Mesir tidak mengalami perubahan. Dasar kebudayaan Mesir sudah diletakkan sejak zaman pradinasti yaitu periode sebelum para firaun. (3200 sebelum masehi). Barang rumah tangga, patung, pedang, gedung dan lukisan menunjukkan persamaan gaya, sehingga mudah dikenali.

Seni gambar Nazi (Jerman) meniru simbol folklor bercirikan orang-orang tegap dan pirang, khas zaman kuno.

Ada juga kebudayaan yang justru melihat ke belakang, pada zaman Romawi, orang ingin kembali kepada kekerasan dan kemurnian Republik. Sedangkan humanis Italia abad ke 15 menganggap Yunani kuno sebagai masyarakat ideal.

Dalam film science-fiction mengambarkan keadaan jauh di depan. Umumnya selalu ada elemen Romawi, Yunani atau Mesir. Misalnya pakaian. Toko dalam film umumnya mengenakan toga Romawi dan helm mirip tutup kepala Tutankamon.

Mobil pertama yang dibuat oleh Karl Benz menyerupai kereta kuda

Kita bisa saja anti tradisi, bahkan menertawakan orang yang tradisional. Tetapi kenyataannya mobil abad ke 19 mirip dengan kereta karena pembuatnya memang pembuat kereta yang tidak bisa melepaskan diri dari tradisi. Bahkan perkembangan paling revolusioner dalam bidang teknik tidak bisa melepaskan diri dari tradisi., yaitu pengetahuan dan penelitian yang diperoleh sebelumnya.

Tetapi, kalau kita terlalu berpegang teguh pada tradisi dan tidak mau membuat perubahan, maka kemajuan kita akan terlambat. Hal itu bukanlah kesalahan tradisi, tetapi kekakuan kita sendiri. Berpegang teguh pada tradisi atau mencemooh tradisi sebenarnya, juga tradisi yang sangat tua.

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PIRATE, REBEL OR EVIL

The cast of this film, such as Johnny Deep, Geoffrey Rush and Orlando Bloom, almost no change, only the addition of a supporting role. A director who handles this film was always changing. More interestingly, all these films into box office that generate profits of about 915 million US dollars. Also won several awards this movie.

PIRATE, REBEL OR EVIL

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

Almost all of the movies, which tell the pirates always interesting to observe, synonymous with courage and valor. Pirates of the Caribbean is the most successful pirate movie. Created since 2003, The Curse of The Black Pearl, had three sequels were made: Dead Man’s Chest (2006), At World’s End (2007), and On Stranger Tides (2011). Even the sequel Dead Men Tell No Tides opens in theaters in 2016.

Pirate history of the World

Historically, pirates there when there is a cruise that is trading. Commonly referred to pirate it, basically, an act of piracy committed one ship to another ship. Goods transferred to the pirate ship with weapons threat.

Each pirate ship led by a captain, he has a number of abilities, such as understanding of marine navigation, intelligent, skilled choose targets, adept at using weapons. Many of them are deserted the military. Choosing to be a pirate for the sake of freedom and wealth, they used the ship’s main cabin, which also commands room. Usually accompanied by a number of senior skilled sailors.

The pirate threat continues until the 3rd century BC and very detrimental to the Roman Empire. It took hundreds of years to the Roman Empire to combat piracy.

Noted, in the days of the Roman Empire and ancient Greece (14 BC), merchant ships passing through the Mediterranean and Aegean hijacked, the goods on board, such as olive oil, deprived, the passenger is captured and sold as slaves. Roman Empire seeks to combat piracy and the war continued until the first century AD.

Pirates Vikings, fond of using sailboat slender and long known proficient fighting, ferocious and feared in many countries

After the fall of the Roman Empire, pirate attacks come back. The most popular conspiracy is pirate Vikings. As the pirate Vikings not only have swarms of pirates fear but also have ocean explorer who discovered North America 500 years before Columbus discovered America in 1492.

Entering the ninth century, pirates operating in the Mediterranean Sea is influenced crusade. Pirate Christians from Catalonia become a serious threat to merchant ships in the Mediterranean Sea, in that era also saw a group of pirates Tunisia (Muslim), known as corsairs, sailors or pirates in French. In a large scale, they could set up the State pirates (Barbary State).

According to Islamic history expert, Dr. Ali Muhammad Ash-Shalabi in his book, “Rise and Fall of the Ottoman Caliphate,” The impact of the mass expulsion of Muslims from Andalusia to North Africa is the emergence of social problems. Because most of the people who left Andalusia comes from the sailors, some of the factors that led them to fight against the forces of Western Europe in the Mediterranean. The main factor is caused by religious conflict after the expulsion of Muslims from Andalusia, plus factor pursuit carried out by the Portuguese and Spanish against the Muslims in North Africa.

Initially, he was an ordinary seaman ordinary sailing in the territorial waters of Greece and Turkey. One day his ship was attacked a military ship St. John of Jerusalem or commonly known as the Knights of Rhodes, the incident made his youngest brother was killed. Heyreddin and ‘Aruj pirate action to all military vessels Christian. This action is very shocking and very feared Christian army, they are known as the pirate Barbarossa Brothers as both a red beard.

Previous resistance is sporadic, until the emergence of two brothers Hayreddin Barbarossa and ‘Aruj Barbarossa, both managed to gather strength in Algeria while developing common action to prevent the power of Western Europe to expand in ports-ports and cities located in North Africa.

They use hit and run tactics of warfare in the battle at sea, this tactic because of their lack of strength against the multinational force, Spanish, Portuguese and Cardinal Johannes. European historians tried to instill doubts about them and this qualifies as pirates. They are also trying to instill doubt about the origin of the two brothers Heyreddin Barbarossa and ‘Aruj Barbarossa.

During Heyreddin Barbarossa life, ‘Aruj died in 1518 AD Algeria capable of winning every battle that is currently under the rule of Ottoman Turkish government. Unfortunately, in the year 1552 AD, the Ottoman government remove Heyreddin Hasan bin Saleh Rayis Barbarossa and lift. He is a good man but not capable as Hasan (Son of Heyreddin), Ustmaniyah dominance in the Mediterranean Sea is slowly becoming faded.

History continues, and the glory of pirates reached its peak in the seventeenth century and the end of the nineteenth century, known as the Golden Age of Piracy, in the Caribbean. Caribbean pirate lunge rampant until the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, has the power of 2500. Mastering the vast region from the Gulf of Mexico to Panama. They are difficult to overcome because it is very difficult to pursue. They hide so many loopholes in the remote islands that stretch from Granada, Costa Rica, to Puerto Rico. Their powers include the waters of dozens of countries, including Jamaica, Haiti, the Dominican Republic, to the Bahamas Islands. In fact, they are often reported to be operating on the beaches of Miami. They not only plundered merchant ships but against the naval Spanish and English are famous for. Spain’s King Charles II launched a large-scale operation, and other European countries to make peace after conflict and deployed troops to the Caribbean.

The greatest of sea power to eradicate Pirates of the Caribbean is the British Navy, which could mobilize battleships more than 200 units. Pirates of the Caribbean inadvertently raised a combined operation of naval forces from various countries and directly shows the results. Entering 1830, Pirates of the Caribbean has been paralyzed by a strike Western European countries and countries in the American colonies. Especially in the era of merchant ships no longer sail to the screen, but the propeller is driven the steam engine. since the discovery of marine engine technology, the threat of the pirates, especially in waters of the Caribbean are increasingly fading.

Piracy in Southeast Asia

Pirates have matched the word “lanun” in Indonesian. Derived from Mangindanao, “I-Lanao-en”, which has the meaning of the lake. Initially, the pirates are in the interior, but then they spread to the coast. Especially since the eruption of the volcano in 1765. Mangindanao own a quarter of the island Mangindanao (Country Philippines now). Dutch labels pirates against seafarers Sulawesi, native indigenous people know him as a pirate. They appear in groups since the Dutch era. Originally the revolts arising from local sailors, who eventually formed a group of pirates in the Sulawesi Sea, its mission is to rob, kill, and terrorize sailors who crossed its territory, solely as a destination property.

VOC ships, the pirates white, proclaimed the civilizing mission to the nations in the archipelago. Though clearly, the purpose behind them came to the archipelago is there to “colonize” the natives.

On the other hand, they fought against the foreign rulers (Netherlands), which has occupied the northwest region of Sulawesi arbitrarily long grudge impact. The pirate group does not have a fixed territory. Power position can be replaced by other pirate groups.

The spread of a pirate in Indonesia at that time almost evenly distributed, but the most numerous in the Sulawesi Sea and Riau Lingga. A notorious pirate, among others, pirate Balangingi, Lanun, Mangindanau, and in Papua pirates of Tobelo.

In the records of Virginia Matheson sourced from books Tuhfat al Naphish said that the Malay Sultanate of Johor could maintain their existence for assistance pirates from Bugis and Makassar. In this tale be told their ruler sultan Bugis in Johor.

Based on several scientific studies (Dutch version), that for nine centuries (V-XIV) note that the pirate area centered on the waterway action hard and nasty temper. Instead, the dissertation notes Adrian B. Lapian, pirate stories were different. The action helped conduct guerrilla warfare in the maritime Indonesian independence. According to Lapian, since the XV century, pirates were Europeans. Cunning pirate whites (Netherlands) was proclaimed the expansion as a mission to bring civilization to the peoples of Asia and Africa.

In South East Asia. Britain, the Netherlands and Spain tried hard to make the sea as a safe area for western maritime trade. The presence of a foreign power with complete weaponry and ship high-tech facilities (steam engine) since the mid-nineteenth crippling indigenous resistance, good pirate who shaped the Kingdom (Sulu) and collectively (the Sulawesi Sea, the Strait of Malacca). This century is the century of colonial government victory.

In the Malay heritage. One of them, entitled “Moestika Semenandjoeng”. Pirates is an inspiration for those who are born to be happy to challenge himself, the rebellious, humiliated and outcast. Often they play fierce fighting pirates play against colonialism, in school, in the mosque even on the river. Pirates is a disruptive force colonial power, after one by the Sultanate in its submission. The world where children are interested in the mystery, danger, and endless charm.

Hang Tuah. Legendary Heroes Malay (Indonesia and Malaysia).

There is a difference between a pirate past and present. They used hand in hand with governments and indigenous people in the country to expel foreign forces. The classic pirate is not a killer, they rob the tax across the Strait of Malacca, which is considered as belonging to the ancestors, the customary. The fishermen even as it protects the ally of those fishing regions of the invasion of neighboring fishermen. Do not forget Malay legend, narrated Hang Tuah also against the Dutch and English through the pirate ships.

Ancient pirate character, very different from the Malacca Strait pirates now. They are butchers sea. If you rob a ship, there’s nothing left, even lives could be lost. Andrea Hirata, an Indonesian novelist wrote in “Maryamah Karpov”. The family of ancient pirates last arrested in 1959, was thrown into prison Karimun, twelve childless. Now do not know the jungle. And after 1959 often found headless corpses washed up on the coast Anambas, Lingga, and Singkep. Since the Strait of Malacca into hell.

Every day more and more violent pirates. Not only robbed but also tin and human smuggling to neighboring states. They levy taxes at the will of the people of the island to be crossing the border to Singapore and Malaysia. If there is no consensus, lives. If there are corpses washed up on the shore, the pirates must have been the victims of the Straits of Malacca.

Pirate World Current

Ships or tankers are the cheapest transport. Then hijacking or piracy ship will not be lost during a traffic safety factor of the oceans is not guaranteed. Somalia is one of the most dangerous regions of the world ocean. Piracy has been ingrained in the community with the 1,880-mile coastline. Prolonged civil war has destroyed the foundation of the State’s economy. Peak when the Somali government dissolved the armed forces, including the Navy. As a result, practically devoid of the Somali coast guard, allegedly free of foreign ships conduct illegal fishing and pollution activity to dispose of waste in the sea, toxic waste which makes the fishermen lost revenue.

Then the rebel Somali fishermen. They take the fight to carry out piracy, an act of revenge and quibble security for marine waters of the State. Reflected in the name of the group they choose, such as the National Volunteer Coast Guard.

Story “One Piece” by Eiichiro Oda, a best-selling comic in the history of Japan. The central character is Monkey D. Luffy, a teenager who is described eating the fruit Gomu-Gomu (Devil Fruit), which makes the body can be like rubber.

KMV Sinar Kudus ship loaded with 8,300 tons of nickel from PT. Aneka Tambang, worth 1.535 trillion rupiah was hijacked in mid-2011, plotters hijackers threatened to kill one by one crew from Indonesia if the shipowner PT Samudera Indonesia did not pay a ransom of 77 billion rupiah.

The story of pirates in life was very complicated, most of them are human beings who are excluded, lost and angry. Finally, they rob. Not as sweet pirate tale comic “One Piece” by Eiichiro Oda, not as beautiful as the life story of the main character, Monkey D. Luffy.

Once, a pirate is a heroic act rebel against the forces of the Western European colonialists who colonized countries in Asia and Africa. But slowly it shifted, finally returning to economic motives. Humans through, go and come, no matter frontier, state, and faith. They are more aware of the need for shipping and commerce, hard-weariness of war, and piracy, opportunities for fellowship, and treacherous, happened by circumstance.

This article, for children around the world, lovers of tales of pirates

Indonesian Version

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HOW TO TURN LEAD INTO GOLD

This rhyme to teach, what kind of “useless man” when facing problems

HOW TO TURN LEAD INTO GOLD

Versi Bahasa Indonesia

Middle Ages, at the time, Physics and Chemistry of pure cornered in Europe because it is considered different from the scriptures. The science when it expanded rapidly in the Arab world. But over time, the chemistry increasingly popular in Europe and all race to find a way to change lead into gold.

A European Alchemists think, “I want more of Physics and Chemistry. Science transform lead into gold, it seems that science is in Arabic. “

While in the Kingdom of Sicily. The European scientists dealing with the Arab world while studying Physics and Chemistry pure. He was to get there and find a prominent Arab scholar.

A European Alchemists asked Arab scholars. “How to turn lead into gold?”

Arab scholars responded with a strange poem.

and water answer, let me keep the fire

so all is not lost in the fire, I’m the water that protects from fire

fire answer, I’ll forge iron

because of agricultural equipment is needed, I’m the fire will forge

iron answered I will protect trees

I’m the iron will be a fence that protects the leaf so as not eaten by goats

tree answered I will keep water supplies

I am the tree will retain water, so that the mountain is not a landslide despite heavy rain

The last tree asks, then what is the use if you do not do anything

European alchemists night and day thinking about the meaning of these poems, he found nothing odd in these poems and went back to the Arab scholar.

“In this poem, there is the figure of a mysterious questioner. Who is he? “Asked the European alchemists.

“No, because that appears in the poem just water, fire, metal, and trees.” Replied Arab scholars.

“What do you mean?” European alchemists confused

“Try to remember it!” Arab scholars said calmly.

“Clearly there is another questioner.”

“The key is in the last verse! Recently trees are asked. Because the last tree asked, meaning there are some questions instead? Due to the structure of the poem you think there is a mysterious questioner. “

“Meaning?”

“Actually, the answer is the answer in the form of trees behind the iron question. If we see a person last tree in the groove that rhyme. “

“Then does that mean?”

“Water to extinguish the fire, the fire forges iron, trees store water, all are natural events. But, Just iron that prevents graze opposite, because goats graze it is a natural thing. “

“What is the relationship with how to turn lead into gold?” Asked the European alchemists.

“The answer is it’s against nature, we are.” Arab scholars explain

At the same time. European and Arabic several times engaged in combat are equally a holy war. Finally, relations between the two sides deteriorated, and Arab scholars expelled from Sicily.

Indonesian version

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TRAGEDI BARBASTRO AWAL KEHANCURAN ISLAM DI ANDALUSIA

The siege of Barbastro

TRAGEDI BARBASTRO

Wanita yang terjaga dalam tirai hijabnya

Mereka singkapkan hingga tidak ada lagi yang tertutupi

Kekhalifahan Umayyah di Kordoba secara efektif runtuh akibat perang bersaudara antara 1009-1013 Masehi, namun Dinasti Umayyah benar-benar hancur di Andalusia tahun 1031. Andalusia menjadi biji-biji kalung yang terurai dan berserakan. Salah satu faktor keruntuhan Daulah Islam di Andalusia adalah kurangnya perhatian kaum muslimin terhadap kekhilafahan dan mulai beralih ke pembagian wilayah dengan raja-raja kecil dengan otoritas masing-masing, atau dikenal dengan istilah Muluk al-Thawaif (Reyes de Taifas).

Disintegrasi negara Islam di Andalusia menjadi 23 negara kecil dengan raja di setiap wilayah ketika itu telah merangsang nafsu keserakahan orang-orang Kristen Eropa untuk menguasainya. Salah satu dari negara-negara kecil itu adalah Zaragoza di utara Andalusia, yang diperintah oleh Sulaiman bin Hud.

Ketika ia meninggal, kerajaannya dibagi untuk lima anaknya! Kota Barbastro menjadi milik Yusuf bin Sulaiman, yang digelari Al-Mudhaffir Billah.

Pada tahun 1064, lebih dari empat puluh ribu tentara Salib dari selatan Prancis menyerang Zaragoza. Mereka melewati pegunungan Pyrenees dan kota Barbastro juga mereka lewati dalam perjalanan itu. Mereka mengepung kota ini dengan ketat. Sejarah mencatat kejadian tersebut dengan nama Perang Salib / tragedi Barbastro.

Al-Mudhaffir Billah mengirimkan kurir kepada Al-Muqtadir Billah agar membantunya, namun permintaannya ditolak oleh saudaranya tersebut, dan membiarkan kaum muslimin yang sedang terkepung di kota itu. Al-Mudhaffir juga mengirimkan kurir ke semua negara Muslim yang terpecah-pecah tersebut namun tetap saja tidak ada seorang pun yang meresponsnya. Tidak ada telinga yang mau mendengar teriakannya!

Tentara Salib mengepung kaum muslimin selama empat puluh hari, hingga membuat kekuatan mereka melemah dan kondisinya semakin sulit. Terjadilah pertempuran sengit, orang-orang Prancis menyerang bagaikan badai dari luar kota dan membarikade kaum muslimin di dalamnya.

Kaum muslimin tetap mengadakan perlawanan dengan ketabahan, namun salah seorang pengkhianat menunjukkan aliran air bagi kaum muslimin di dalam kota itu kepada orang-orang Prancis. Mereka pun segera memutus saluran air itu hingga menyebabkan kaum muslimin sangat kehausan. Akhirnya penduduk Barbastro meminta jaminan keamanan dengan beberapa persyaratan, namun ditolak oleh Tentara Salib.

Tentara Salib menyerbu kota itu dengan kekuatan pedang. Mereka membasmi apa saja yang ada di dalamnya dan membunuh seratus ribu atau lima ratus ribu Muslim, menurut pendapat lain. Setelah itu, Tentara Salib membagi-bagi kota itu menjadi wilayah-wilayah kecil yang masing-masing dipimpin oleh satu tentara Salib. Semua wilayah Islam tersebut akhirnya tunduk di bawah kekuasaan Prancis.

Saat mereka menguasai penduduk kota, mereka merusak kehormatan gadis di depan ayahnya, atau istri di depan suaminya. Situasi semacam ini belum pernah terjadi terhadap kaum muslimin (sampai dengan saat itu). Jika mereka menemukan seorang pelayan yang berwajah buruk, maka mereka memerintahkan pesuruh atau budak mereka menodainya. Kebrutalan dan kebengisan pasukan salib itu tidak dapat dilukiskan dengan kata-kata.

Orang-orang Prancis memilih lima ribu gadis Muslim yang paling cantik dan mengirimkan mereka sebagai hadiah kepada Raja Konstantinopel. Mereka menempatkan 35 ribu tentara penjaga di kota Barbastro, sedangkan sisanya pulang ke Prancis membawa barang jarahan dan amunisi.

Sejarawan Andalusia, Ibnu Hayyan seorang saksi peristiwa setelah kejadian menuliskan :

“Para  penghuni zaman kita ini telah dipenuhi debu-debu yang sangat tebal. Akhlak mereka sangat rusak dan rasa malu mereka telah tercabut. Jiwa dan rasa mereka telah memburuk. Kebodohan menguasai mereka. Dosa-dosa menyelubungi mereka. Aib mencoreng wajah mereka. Mereka bukanlah orang-orang bertakwa yang meniti jalan petunjuk. Mereka tidak kuat memikul nilai-nilai kebaikan. Mereka ditimpa penyakit kebatilan. Semua itu adalah bukti paling nyata atas kebodohan mereka yang melampaui batas, tertipu dengan zaman mereka, jauhnya mereka dari ketaatan pada Pencipta mereka dan penolakan mereka terhadap wasiat Nabi mereka. Mereka lalai merenungkan apa akibat perbuatan mereka, hilang kewaspadaan menjaga perbatasan negeri mereka, hingga musuh-musuh mereka yang terus berusaha memadamkan cahaya Islam, akhirnya berhasil menginjak-injak negeri mereka. Setiap hari sepenggal demi sepenggal tanah mereka dirampas. Bangsa demi bangsa dimusnahkan. Orang-orang yang ada di sekeliling kita terdiam untuk menyebutkan tentang mereka. Tidak pernah terdengar di dalam satu masjid kita atau di pertemuan kita ada orang yang mengingatkan atau mendoakan mereka, apalagi yang menyerukan untuk bergerak membela dan melindungi mereka. Sampai-sampai mereka seakan-akan bukan bagian dari kita, atau bahaya yang menimpa mereka tidak akan menimpa kita. Kita menjadi begitu bakhil mendoakan mereka. Hanya Allah lah yang menguasai akhir dari segala sesuatu, dan hanya kepadaNya lah tempat kembali.”

Mengkaji fakta sejarah Andalusia, dalam hal ini sejarah kaum muslimin. Kita bisa mengatakan bahwa ini bukan menangisi susu yang tumpah, dan bukan pula untuk meratapi sebuah kehidupan di masa lalu. Tetapi untuk mengambil pelajaran serta nasehat.

Hal yang penting kita lakukan adalah, kejadian sejarah di masa lalu dapat dijadikan acuan untuk mengkaji peristiwa-peristiwa yang terjadi di masa kini. Setiap kita harus tahu bahwa negeri apapun yang berada dalam tapal batas besar Islam, ia harus waspada, jangan sampai mendapat hantaman dari arah yang sama, dan jangan sampai terjerumus ke dalam kehancuran (lagi).

“Duhai, betapa miripnya hari ini dengan kemarin”

Referensi : Bangkit dan Runtuhnya ANDALUSIA Jejak Kejayaan Peradaban Islam di Spanyol; Prof. Dr. Raghib As-Sirjani; Cetakan Kelima, Agustus 2016; Penerbit Al-Kausar; Jakarta.

Sejarah Islam:

  1. Tragedi Andalusia Mungkinkah Berulang; 20 Desember 2008;
  2. Kekuatan Syair; 3 Maret 2009;
  3. Menegakkan Keadilan; 3 November 2009;
  4. Menelusuri Sejarah Salib; 30 April 2010;
  5. Andalusia Sayup-Sayup Suaramu Sampai; 23 September 2010;
  6. Politik Abu Nawas; 24 Juli 2012;
  7. Selamat Tinggal Andalusia; 10 Maret 2013;
  8. Orang Sakit Dari Timur; 26 Mei 2013;
  9. Badai Sejarah; 29 Juli 2013;
  10. Sultan Abu Nawas; 1 November 2013:
  11. Misi Mencari Abu Nawas; 7 Maret 2016;
  12. Komunisme Dalam Perspektif Muslim; 30 September 2017;
  13. Ketika Ibnu Battuta Melawat Samudera Pasai; 16 April 2018;
  14. Kebijakan Politik Islam Oleh Snouck Hurgronje Sebagai Saran Kepada Pemerintah Hindia Belanda Untuk Menghancurkan Kekuatan Islam Di Indonesia; 25 Juni 2018;
  15. Umat Islam Tak Lagi Memiliki Perimbangan Antara Ilmu Dan Iman; 30 Juli 2018;
  16. Apa Sebab Rakyat Aceh Sanggup Berperang Puluhan Tahun Melawan Agressi Belanda; 17 Oktober 2019;
  17. Hamzah Fansuri Perintis Sastra Melayu; 4 Juli 2020;
  18. Abu Nawas Menasehati Raja; 2 Juni 2020;
  19. Ketika Aceh Minta Menjadi Vasal Turki Ustmani; 21 September 2020;
  20. Bustanus Salatin Panduan Berkuasa Para Sultan Aceh; 27 September 2020;

 

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MENITI JALAN YANG LURUS

Di sepanjang jalan yang coba dititi ini mungkin ada isyarat-isyarat tertentu, untuk direnungkan, memperhatikan betul-betul setiap tanda dan simbol yang ditemukan.

MENITI JALAN YANG LURUS

Kamis, 8 Februari 2007. Sepuluh tahun lalu, ketika Abu masih bertugas di Lhokseumawe. Abu membeli sebuah kitab, “Kisah Para Nabi” yang ditulis Ibnu Katsir. Abu sudah melupakan detil bagaimana ketika membeli buku tersebut. Tanggal yang tertera adalah catatan Abu pada halaman pertama buku tersebut yang waktu itu Abu beli tercatat seharga Rp. 90.000,- entah sekarang berapa harga buku tersebut.

Dari sepuluh tahun lalu itu, Abu belum menamatkan buku tersebut, tanda baca Abu terhenti di halaman 359 dari 724, kisah Nabi Musa A.S. Ya, seorang Abu yang waktu itu berumur 23 tahun, memutuskan menunda membaca kitab tersebut lebih lanjut, mungkin karena pernah membaca buku tersebut secara utuh di sekitar tahun 2002, sebelum di drop out dari Universitas Syiah Kuala dengan meminjam di Perpustakaan Wilayah Kota Banda Aceh. Karena Abu tahu, kitab tersebut sangat bagus makanya Abu membelinya 5 tahun kemudian. Ibnu Katsir sendiri adalah seorang ahli tafsir, sejarawan sekaligus seorang faqih yang hidup di abad ke delapan Hijriah (700-774 H).

Waktu adalah perjalanan, ketika Abu kembali memegang kitab ini. Betapa perjalanan itu sudah panjang dari pertama kali membacanya. 18 tahun (2002), 23 tahun (2007) dan 33 tahun (2017). Pernahkah kita menghitung rentang waktu yang telah dijalani di tahun-tahun belakang?

Perjalanan yang bercita-cita dalam siradjtul mustaqim (jalan yang lurus) mungkin mudah, tapi juga mungkin  tak akan pernah berhasil, tanpa terlebih dahulu menghadapi berbagai macam rintangan. Menempuh lembah-lembah yang curam, meninggalkan atau ditinggalkan para sahabat dan keluarga, kemudian di sepanjang perjalanan bertemu dengan orang yang tak dikenal, dihantui ketakutan dan kekhawatiran.

Belajar dari Kisah Para Nabi, manusia menjadi lebih baik setelah menjalani perjuangan di antara hal-hal yang saling bertengangan. Setiap kejadian dalam hidup, menyebabkan perubahan. Tentu Abu bukan seorang Nabi, sebagai seorang manusia biasa Abu merupakan kombinasi dari sebuah lingkungan, yang berbeda-beda setiap manusianya. Masing-masing memiliki hubungan keterikatan. Maka luruskah jalan Abu? Di jalan yang sesuai dengan ajaran Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Tentu yang berhak menilai adalah Ia yang Maha Pengasih lagi Maha Penyayang.

Di sepanjang jalan yang coba dititi ini mungkin ada isyarat-isyarat tertentu, untuk direnungkan, memperhatikan betul-betul setiap tanda dan simbol yang ditemukan. Manusia lemah seperti Abu kerap tergelincir, kerap berbuat salah dan mungkin salah arah. Semoga Allah S.W.T adalah pelindung kita, Dia-lah sebaik-baik wakil.

Malam semakin larut, dan Abu terus membaca. Ketika membaca kisah Nabi Zakaria A.S, Abu tertegun. Dan ingatlah kisah Zakaria, ketika ia berseru kepada Tuhannya, “Ya Tuhanku, janganlah Engkau membiarkan aku hidup seorang diri. Dan Engkaulah waris yang paling baik.”

Doa tersebut semacam rasa ketidakberdayaan di hadapan masa depan, juga semacam kesunyian. Tak berdaya dan sunyi, di bumi yang fana, manusia membutuhkan batasnya sendiri. Sebuah keyakinan berapi-api kepada diri sendiri kerap membekukan hati, sebuah kebrutalan yang anggun, sebuah penampilan harga diri yang menakutkan.

Mungkin karena inilah kita dianjurkan membaca kisah para Nabi, agar bertambah rasa syukur dan tafakur.

Maka segala puji bagi Allah, Tuhan semesta alam, selawat serta salam semoga dilimpahkan kepada penutup para nabi, Muhammad S.A.W, keluarga dan sahabat-sahabatnya.

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33

Setiap pertambahan umur, jika dikaji secara mendalam adalah pengurangan, kita semakin mendekati kematian.

33

“Berapa usia kalian sesungguhnya? Kurangi dengan tidur, jika kalian tidur sehari 8 jam. Maka sesungguhnya usia kalian hanyalah 2/3 (dua per tiga) dari yang tercatat. Jika sekarang usia kalian 18 tahun, maka sesungguhnya kalian masih berumur 12 tahun!”

Abu sedang makan indomie goreng basah di tepi pantai ketika mendengar orasi orientasi mahasiswa, Teknik Arsitektur kalau tidak salah, dari jauh terlihat senior bertopi kupluk, sedang berpidato di podium. Wajar, arsitek adalah kerja siang-malam, jadi tidur adalah penghalang produktivitas mereka. Para mahasiswa sedang mengikuti proses indoktrinasi, cangkang pikir anak sekolah menengah sedang dicoba pecahkan, untuk melahirkan pola pikir baru, mahasiswa. Di pondok tepi pantai itu, Abu tersenyum seraya menghirup air kelapa muda. Kejadian itu terjadi, lebih dari satu dekade lalu.

Apakah kebetulan, ketika hari ini Abu berumur 33 tahun teringat pada kejadian tersebut. 2/3 dari 33 tahun berarti 22 tahun! Lha, tidak semudah itu hitung-hitungannya. Manusia, lahir, hidup dan mati. Tiap kelahiran jika dipikirkan dengan seksama, hanyalah suatu kebetulan. Dengan ratusan juta sperma yang berenang dengan buta dalam kegelapan, sungguh amat kecil kemungkinan seseorang bisa menjadi apa adanya kini. Dari semua yang berjejalan di alam semesta, berapa banyak yang memang direncanakan? Bertanya-tanya, merasa melayang karena kecapekan mendapati dirinya merenungkan kebetulan-kebetulan yang telah menjadikan mereka ada.

Untuk seorang pria yang telah mengalami banyak misteri kehidupan, salah satu misteri terbesar yang masih belum Abu ketahui. Adalah mengapa beberapa orang datang ke dalam kehidupan kita. Mengapa beberapa orang pergi, dan lainnya menjadi bagian dari kehidupan. Beberapa persahabatan seolah akan bertahan selamanya. Dan yang lainya berakhir terlalu cepat. Tidak setiap persahabatan dimaksudkan untuk bertahan seumur hidup, yang bertahan selamanya adalah sakit ketika seseorang hilang. Persahabatan disini tidak hanya sebatas antar sesama teman. Ayah, ibu, nenek, kakek, nenek, makcik, pakcik dan lain-lain, memang semua terhubung melalui hubungan darah, namun persahabatan membuatnya menjadi lebih indah.

Setiap pertambahan umur, jika dikaji secara mendalam adalah pengurangan, kita semakin mendekati kematian. Akan ada banyak rintangan menghadang di tahun-tahun ke depan, akan ada banyak kehilangan, ditinggal pergi atau meninggalkan, dan karakter seseorang tidak ditentukan dari cara mereka menikmati kemenangan, tapi dari cara mereka menghadapi kekalahan, tidak ada yang dapat membantu kita melewati masa kelam selain iman kita.

Cahaya membuat manusia bisa melihat benda. Tapi, kita masih disesatkan ilusi meski berada dalam cahaya. Yang terpenting bukanlah cahaya. Tapi kegelapan, dari kegelapan kita mencari cahaya. Justru kita perlu bermimpi, karena mimpi itu yang menentukan perjalanan. Mimpi itu yang mengubah manusia. Tapi tanpa mimpi, tanpa cita-cita, orang tidak akan kemana-mana.

Di usia tiga puluh tiga ini, Abu teringat sebuah peribahasa. Dunia itu wajib (dijalani), meninggalkannya haram, sedang meyakininya syirik. Duhai dunia…

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BUAH TANGAN

Alangkah aneh dan hangatnya kamu, oleh-oleh!

BUAH TANGAN

Buah tangan atau oleh-oleh adalah sesuatu hal yang jamak di negeri ini, barangkali tidak ada terjemahan  buat oleh-oleh. Kata Inggris present biasanya dipakai untuk menerjemahkan oleh-oleh, terasa kurang pas. Ia memang sebangsa hadiah, tapi oleh-oleh bukan hadiah, jadi apa dong? Itulah repotnya oleh-oleh. Jika Oma pulang dari pasar membawa pulang donat, maka el-Bahri akan berseru kegirangan : “Hore, oma membawa pulang oleh-oleh!”

Seorang pengamat ekonomi, yang Abu lupa namanya, melihat hubungan yang jelas antara budaya oleh-oleh dengan korupsi di negeri kita. Katanya korupsi di negeri kita akan berhenti betul, tuntas ke akarnya, bila budaya oleh-oleh sudah lenyap dari muka bumi kita. Ya, bahkan sebelum oleh-oleh kepada seluruh jaringan keluarga sendiri dihentikan, tidak bakalan korupsi di negeri kita akan berhenti.

Dahsyat benar pengamatan itu. Pengamatan itu sudah tidak lagi melihat batas antara oleh-oleh dan upeti. Meskipun harus diakui juga bahwa semua yang datang membawa barang tersebut, barang bawaannya itu sebagai oleh-oleh. Itu berarti istilah oleh-oleh dianggap sebagai istilah netral dan tidak mengundang tusukan perasaan. Upeti jelas membawa pesan, sesuatu untuk sesuatu. Sang bupati taklukkan membawa upeti kepada sultan agar tidak diserang wilayahnya. Sang Bupati membawa oleh-oleh buat bapak gubernur? Ya, supaya lancar pembangunan wilayahnya.

Untunglah istri Abu bukan seorang ekonom, ia tidak mendengar ocehan dan tulisan intelektual yang sok cemerlang itu. Waktu Abu ketiban pulung mendapat dinas ke luar kota, tidak sesaat pun analisis sang pengamat ekonomi tentang hal tersebut terlintas dpikirannya. Lha, istri Abu tidak pernah tahu tentang analisis itu.

Hanya Abu yang cukup pucat sebentar-bentar mengecek dompet, yang sangat tipis di akhir bulan. Melalui pembicaraan ringan, Abu berusaha mereduksi yang namanya oleh-oleh. Ya, mau bagaimana lagi, sebagai pegawai kecil, anggaran sangat terbatas. Sangking terbatasnya anggaran, sebuah buku yang sangat Abu inginkan, terpaksa ditunda pembeliannya (Poor Me).

Malamnya Abu bermimpi, dua keponakan jenius, el-Bahri dan el-Moro bernyanyi koor, “oleh-oleh, oleh-oleh, oleh-oleh.” Akhirnya istri memutuskan membeli oleh-oleh buat mereka, alasannya dana boleh terbatas tapi oleh-oleh mesti dong. Namanya mereka handai tolan, belum seberuntung kita. Dan seterusnya, dan dan seterusnya.

Kami keluar masuk toko, dan mengecek oleh-oleh mana yang sesuai dengan dompet. Akhirnya kopor ditutup dan terkunci, Abu tercenung sebentar. Apakah nanti oleh-oleh yang dibawa pulang merupakan jembatan buat korupsi. Astafirullah!!!

“Wah, alangkah senangnya El Bahri dan El Moro dengan kacamata renang itu nanti, Bang Abu!” Abu membayangkan dua jenius Paya Bakong itu membanting-banting kacamata renang yang kami beli, menyelam dalam bak mandi. Abu membayangkan wajah-wajah gembira mereka, jaringan keluarga! Alangkah aneh dan hangatnya kamu, oleh-oleh! Alangkah manis, hangat dan berbahayanya kamu. Korupsi! Wah, alangkah…

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MUHASABAH

After thousands of days here. There are views that can not be seen again, there are those who will never be found again, after a lot of things happen how can we remember all the mistakes I’ve ever done?

MUHASABAH

Jika kau masih menyimpan buku tulis dari kelas-kelasmu dari tahun-tahun sebelum sekarang, atau catatan-catatan lama lainnya. Kalau membolak-balik halamannya, kita sering merasa heran bagaimana kita berubah dalam waktu yang singkat sejak tulisan itu dibuat. Mungkin heran melihat apa-apa yang keliru dalam tulisan itu, tapi juga mungkin heran oleh hal-hal bagus yang pernah kau tuliskan. Sejarah dunia telah berubah, begitupun aku, kamu dan kita.

Kita hanya memiliki satu kesempatan untuk hidup, mungkin aku tak mau mempercayakan masa depan pada yang bukan ahlinya, tapi manusia mana yang ahli menghadapi masa depan.

Banyak yang berubah sejak kita telah melihat sisi-sisi dunia.

Setelah ribuan hari di sini. Ada pemandangan yang tak akan bisa terlihat lagi, ada orang-orang yang tak akan pernah ditemui lagi, setelah banyak hal yang terjadi bagaimana bisa kita mengingat semua kesalahan yang pernah diperbuat?

Malam ini, dalam muhasabah ini, bersama catatan-catatan yang pernah aku buat. Aku menyadari dengan ego yang begitu tinggi, aku membuat sayap buatan, dan ketika terjatuh, melukai orang lain. Aku bersedih terhadap kesalahan yang kuperbuat, dan kesalahan yang terjadi akibat aku tak berbuat.

Aku tak berharap layak engkau maafkan, bagaimana bisa aku menang melawan diriku sendiri?

Kuletakkan tali kendali hatiku ditangan-MU, meski aku (bisa) salah. Apapun yang Kau katakan untuk dimasak, ternyata aku nyatakan untuk dibakar. Pada akhirnya, aku hanya seorang manusia yang memiliki dua tangan dan kaki, dua telinga dan pemahaman, dua mata dan mulut.

Entahlah, mungkin alam memberikan jawaban, atau malah menambah pertanyaan.

Jika engkau melihat lautan sedari dekat, jutaan gelembung air kecil berkilauan putih, yang muncul dan menghilang seiring ombak. Selalu ada gelembung baru yang timbul dan dan menghilang dalam irama teratur gerak gelombang. Setelah terbawa oleh puncak gelombang selama sebentar saja. Kita adalah masing-masing tidak lebih dari sekedar kilauan, setetes renik di atas gelombang waktu yang bergerak di bawah sana menuju masa depan yang tak tentu dan berkabut. Kita muncul di dunia hanyalah sebentar untuk kemudian menghilang. Kita tak nampak dalam arus waktu yang besar itu. Selalu ada orang baru dan lebih baru lagi. Apa yang kita namakan nasib, tak lain adalah perjuangan kita dalam kerumunan tetes yang naik dan turun bersama ombak. Akan tetapi kemunculan sebentar tersebut patut kita manfaatkan. Agar kemunculan kita tak sia-sia, tak pernah

*) Muhasabah berasal dari akar kata bahasa Arab, hasiba yahsabu hisab, yang artinya secara etimologis adalah melakukan perhitungan. Dalam terminology, makna defenisi muhasabah adalah sebuah upaya evaluasi diri terhadap kebaikan dan keburukan dalam semua aspek

Beberapa renungan lainnya:

  1. Akhlak; 13 Agustus 2015;
  2. Hijrah; 14 Oktober 2015;
  3. Tua; 22 Oktober 2015;
  4. Arif; 27 Oktober 2015;
  5. Serakah; 7 November 2015;
  6. Passion; 8 November 2015;
  7. Alim; 15 November 2015;
  8. Belajar; 19 November 2015;
  9. Tsunami; 26 Desember 2015;
  10. Tanda Pedang Yang (Akan) Patah; 29 Februari 2016;
  11. Gluttonous; 5 Juni 2016;
  12. Hoki; 17 Juli 2016;
  13. Dimana Ada Cinta Disana Tuhan Ada; 7 September 2016;
  14. Kesucian; 26 Oktober 2016;
  15. Harlequin Dan Pohon Harapan; 30 Oktober 2016;
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